The Role of Endocan Expression in the Diagnosis and Grading of Precancerous Gastric Lesions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Study Outcomes
2.3. Immunohistochemistry
2.4. Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Stain
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Participants in the Control, Precancerous Group, and GC Groups
3.2. Endocan Expression in Groups
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Subgroup | Group | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Precancerous Group | Gastric Cancer Group | |||||
Low Grade | High Grade | Stage-1 | Stage-2 | Stage-3 | |||
Sex, n (%) | Male | 23 (41.8) | 21 (63.6) | 24 (61.5) | 4 (57.1) | 17 (63.0) | 37 (80.4) |
Female | 32 (58.2) | 12 (36.4) | 15 (38.5) | 3 (52.9) | 10 (37.0) | 9 (19.6) | |
Age, n (%) | 31–40 | 3 (5.5) | 0 (0,0) | 0 (0,0) | 0 (0,0) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (2,2) |
41–50 | 10 (18.2) | 3 (9.1) | 0 (0,0) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (3.7) | 6 (13.0) | |
51–60 | 19 (34.5) | 21 (63.6) | 15 (38.5) | 2 (28.6) | 5 (18.5) | 9 (19.6) | |
>60 | 23 (41.8) | 9 (27.3) | 24 (61.5 | 4 (57.1) | 19 (70.4) | 30 (65.2) | |
Age, x ± SD | 58.15 ± 11.25 | 56.55 ± 6.30 | 66.54 ± 10.24 | 63.48 ± 10.41 | 63.48 ± 11.87 | 63.39 ± 11.47 | |
Total, n | 55 | 33 | 39 | 7 | 27 | 46 |
Group | Endocan Expression Status | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|
Negative, n (%) | Positive, n (%) | ||
Total | |||
Control group | 55 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
Precancerous group | 25 (34.7) | 47 (65.3) | |
Gastric cancer group | 0 (0) | 80 (100) | |
Male | |||
Control group | 23 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
Precancerous group | 15 (33.3) | 30 (66.7) | |
Gastric cancer group | 0 (0) | 58 (100) | |
Female | |||
Control group | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
Precancerous group | 10 (37) | 17 (63) | |
Gastric cancer group | 0 (0) | 22 (100) |
Premalignant Status | Endocan Expression Status | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Negative, n (%) | Positive, n (%) | ||
Total | |||
Low grade | 25 (75.8) | 8 (24.2) | <0.001 * |
High grade | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | |
Male | |||
Low grade | 15 (71.4) | 6 (28.6) | <0.001 * |
High grade | 0 (0) | 24 (100) | |
Female | |||
Low grade | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | <0.001 ** |
High grade | 0 (0) | 15 (100) |
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Kok, M.; Dolu, S.; Arayici, M.E.; Koker, G.; Balaban, K.; Cekin, A.H. The Role of Endocan Expression in the Diagnosis and Grading of Precancerous Gastric Lesions. Diagnostics 2025, 15, 1379. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111379
Kok M, Dolu S, Arayici ME, Koker G, Balaban K, Cekin AH. The Role of Endocan Expression in the Diagnosis and Grading of Precancerous Gastric Lesions. Diagnostics. 2025; 15(11):1379. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111379
Chicago/Turabian StyleKok, Mehmet, Suleyman Dolu, Mehmet Emin Arayici, Gokhan Koker, Kadir Balaban, and Ayhan Hilmi Cekin. 2025. "The Role of Endocan Expression in the Diagnosis and Grading of Precancerous Gastric Lesions" Diagnostics 15, no. 11: 1379. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111379
APA StyleKok, M., Dolu, S., Arayici, M. E., Koker, G., Balaban, K., & Cekin, A. H. (2025). The Role of Endocan Expression in the Diagnosis and Grading of Precancerous Gastric Lesions. Diagnostics, 15(11), 1379. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111379