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Article

Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay

by
Marta Fogolari
1,2,
Bruno Daniele Leoni
3,
Marina De Cesaris
1,
Rita Italiano
3,
Flavio Davini
1,2,
Ginevra Azzurra Miccoli
4,
Daniele Donati
4,
Luigi Clerico
5,
Andrea Stanziale
5,
Giovanni Savini
6,
Nicola Petrosillo
4,
Massimo Ciccozzi
7,
Lorenzo Sommella
8,
Elisabetta Riva
1,9,
Paolo Fazii
5,† and
Silvia Angeletti
1,2,*,†
1
Clinical Laboratory Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
2
Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
3
Abbott, Core Diagnostics, 00144 Rome, Italy
4
Infection Prevention and Control Service, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
5
Clinical Microbiology and Virology, Spirito Santo Hospital, 65122 Pescara, Italy
6
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G Caporale’, 64100 Teramo, Italy
7
Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
8
Health Management, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
9
Unit of Virology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 889; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050889
Submission received: 28 January 2023 / Revised: 23 February 2023 / Accepted: 23 February 2023 / Published: 26 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in COVID-19 Patient)
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Abstract

Background: Monitoring antibody response following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is strategic, and neutralizing antibodies represent the gold standard. The neutralizing response to Beta and Omicron VOCs was evaluated versus the gold standard by a new commercial automated assay. Methods: Serum samples from 100 healthcare workers from the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Biomedico and the Pescara Hospital were collected. IgG levels were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay (Abbott Laboratories, Wiesbaden, Germany) and serum neutralization assay as the gold standard. Moreover, a new commercial immunoassay, the PETIA test Nab (SGM, Rome, Italy), was used for neutralization evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed with R software, version 3.6.0. Results: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers decayed during the first ninety days after the vaccine second dose. The following booster dose significantly (p < 0.001) increased IgG levels. A correlation between IgG expression and neutralizing activity modulation was found with a significant increase after the second and the third booster dose (p < 0.05. Compared to the Beta variant of the virus, the Omicron VOC was associated with a significantly larger quantity of IgG antibodies needed to achieve the same degree of neutralization. The best Nab test cutoff for high neutralization titer (≥1:80) was set for both Beta and Omicron variants. Conclusion: This study correlates vaccine-induced IgG expression and neutralizing activity using a new PETIA assay, suggesting its usefulness for SARS-CoV2 infection management.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; VOCs; serum antibodies; vaccine; neutralization assay; PETIA assay SARS-CoV-2; VOCs; serum antibodies; vaccine; neutralization assay; PETIA assay

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Fogolari, M.; Leoni, B.D.; De Cesaris, M.; Italiano, R.; Davini, F.; Miccoli, G.A.; Donati, D.; Clerico, L.; Stanziale, A.; Savini, G.; et al. Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050889

AMA Style

Fogolari M, Leoni BD, De Cesaris M, Italiano R, Davini F, Miccoli GA, Donati D, Clerico L, Stanziale A, Savini G, et al. Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(5):889. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050889

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fogolari, Marta, Bruno Daniele Leoni, Marina De Cesaris, Rita Italiano, Flavio Davini, Ginevra Azzurra Miccoli, Daniele Donati, Luigi Clerico, Andrea Stanziale, Giovanni Savini, and et al. 2023. "Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay" Diagnostics 13, no. 5: 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050889

APA Style

Fogolari, M., Leoni, B. D., De Cesaris, M., Italiano, R., Davini, F., Miccoli, G. A., Donati, D., Clerico, L., Stanziale, A., Savini, G., Petrosillo, N., Ciccozzi, M., Sommella, L., Riva, E., Fazii, P., & Angeletti, S. (2023). Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay. Diagnostics, 13(5), 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050889

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