A Modified Run-Off Resistance Score from Cross-Sectional Imaging Discriminates Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia from Intermittent Claudication in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Ethics
2.3. Modified Run-Off Resistance Score (mROR)
2.4. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. mROR Sum Scores and Subgroup Analysis
3.3. Univariate Regression Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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IC (n = 20) | CLTI (n = 20) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(%) (IQR) | (%) (IQR) | ||||
male gender | 15 | (75) | 13 | (65) | 0.490 |
age [years] | 63.0 | (59.7–72.3) | 70.7 | (66.1–79.5) | 0.010 * |
PAD Rutherford stage | 2.0 | (2.0–3.0) | 5.0 | (5.0–5.0) | 0.000 * |
body mass index (BMI) | 27.2 | (20.9–28.9) | 26.1 | (24.1–31.9) | 0.365 |
overweight (BMI > 25) | 12 | (60) | 12 | (60) | 1.000 |
ASA 2 | 9 | (45) | 2 | (10) | |
ASA 3 | 11 | (55) | 12 | (60) | |
ASA 4 | 0 | (0) | 6 | (30) | 0.005 * |
Diabetes | 3 | (15) | 10 | (50) | 0.018 * |
Hypertension | 15 | (75) | 18 | (90) | 0.212 |
active smoker | 13 | (65) | 10 | (50) | 0.337 |
coronary heart disease | 5 | (25) | 11 | (55) | 0.053 |
dyslipoproteinemia | 13 | (65) | 12 | (60) | 0.744 |
number of cardiovascular risk factors | 2.0 | (1.0–2.5) | 3.0 | (2.0–4.5) | 0.047 * |
kidney disease | 4 | (20) | 11 | (55) | 0.022 * |
permanent dialysis | 0 | (0) | 2 | (10) | 0.147 |
ankle-brachial index (ABI) before revascularization | 0.6 | (0.5–0.8) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.0) | 0.571 |
technique of revascularization | |||||
− Open | 8 | (40) | 12 | (60) | |
− Endovascular | 4 | (20) | 2 | (10) | |
− Hybrid | 8 | (40) | 6 | (30) | 0.416 |
n | mROR Pelvis | mROR Thigh | mROR Lower Leg | mROR Sum | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
study cohort | 40 | 9.62 | ±5.15 | 8.09 | ±3.28 | 7.53 | ±3.61 | 27.59 | ±9.06 |
− IC | 20 | 8.90 | ±4.88 | 6.88 | ±3.44 | 5.78 | ±3.82 | 23.45 | ±7.17 |
− CLTI | 20 | 10.35 | ±5.45 | 9.30 | ±2.68 | 9.28 | ±2.38 | 31.73 | ±9.01 |
− p-value | 0.432 | 0.029 * | 0.001 * | 0.004 * | |||||
IC | |||||||||
− diabetics | 3 | 8.00 | ±6.56 | 8.67 | ±0.58 | 7.00 | ±5.57 | 25.67 | ±12.42 |
− non-diabetics | 17 | 9.06 | ±4.76 | 6.56 | ±3.65 | 5.56 | ±3.62 | 23.06 | ±6.38 |
− p-value | 0.750 | 0.309 | 0.670 | 0.874 | |||||
CLTI | |||||||||
− diabetics | 10 | 6.90 | ±3.41 | 8.80 | ±2.25 | 8.05 | ±1.64 | 25.65 | ±4.96 |
− non-diabetics | 10 | 13.80 | ±4.95 | 9.80 | ±3.09 | 10.50 | ±2.44 | 37.80 | ±8.05 |
− p-value | 0.004 * | 0.493 | 0.033 * | 0.001 * | |||||
diabetics | |||||||||
− IC | 3 | 8.00 | ±6.56 | 8.67 | ±0.58 | 7.00 | ±5.57 | 25.67 | ±12.42 |
− CLTI | 10 | 6.90 | ±3.41 | 8.80 | ±2.25 | 8.05 | ±1.64 | 25.65 | ±4.96 |
− p-value | 0.798 | 0.729 | 0.550 | 0.612 | |||||
non-diabetics | |||||||||
− IC | 17 | 9.06 | ±4.76 | 6.56 | ±3.65 | 5.56 | ±3.62 | 23.06 | ±6.38 |
− CLTI | 10 | 13.80 | ±4.95 | 9.80 | ±3.09 | 10.50 | ±2.44 | 37.80 | ±8.05 |
− p-value | 0.029 * | 0.038 * | 0.001 * | <0.001 * |
IC | CLTI | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 17 | n = 10 | ||||
Aorta | 1.88 | ±1.41 | 3.70 | ±1.70 | 0.009 * |
Common iliac artery | 3.00 | ±2.81 | 4.05 | ±3.00 | 0.358 |
Hypogastric artery | 0.82 | ±0.95 | 1.65 | ±0.85 | 0.028 * |
External iliac artery | 2.35 | ±1.62 | 3.40 | ±1.35 | 0.086 |
Sum mROR pelvis | 8.06 | ±4.76 | 12.80 | ±4.95 | 0.029 * |
Common femoral artery | 2.24 | ±1.71 | 3.00 | ±1.70 | 0.324 |
Deep femoral artery | 0.50 | ±0.79 | 1.10 | ±1.07 | 0.133 |
Superficial femoral artery and supragenual popliteal artery (P1) | 2.82 | ±2.13 | 4.70 | ±1.64 | 0.028 * |
Sum mROR thigh | 6.56 | ±3.65 | 9.80 | ±3.09 | 0.038 * |
Infragenual popliteal artery (P2–P3) and tibiofibular trunk | 0.94 | ±1.09 | 2.00 | ±0.78 | 0.014 * |
Anterior tibial artery | 1.06 | ±0.97 | 1.90 | ±0.70 | 0.025 * |
Posterior tibial artery | 0.79 | ±0.95 | 2.05 | ±0.93 | 0.004 * |
Peroneal artery | 0.82 | ±1.17 | 1.55 | ±1.01 | 0.054 |
Sum mROR lower leg | 5.56 | ±3.62 | 10.50 | ±2.44 | 0.001 * |
Sum mROR | 23.06 | ±6.38 | 37.80 | ±8.05 | <0.001 * |
Study Cohort | B | 95% CI | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
CLTI over IC | 8.28 | (3.06–13.49) | 0.003 * | |
Rutherford stage | 2.20 | (0.24–4.16) | 0.029 * | |
CLTI subgroup | ||||
body mass index (BMI) | −0.77 | (−1.42–−0.12) | 0.023 * | |
Diabetes | −12.2 | (−18.43–−5.87) | 0.001 * |
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Frese, J.P.; Schawe, L.; Carstens, J.; Milbergs, K.; Speichinger, F.; Gratl, A.; Greiner, A.; Raude, B. A Modified Run-Off Resistance Score from Cross-Sectional Imaging Discriminates Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia from Intermittent Claudication in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123155
Frese JP, Schawe L, Carstens J, Milbergs K, Speichinger F, Gratl A, Greiner A, Raude B. A Modified Run-Off Resistance Score from Cross-Sectional Imaging Discriminates Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia from Intermittent Claudication in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(12):3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123155
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrese, Jan Paul, Larissa Schawe, Jan Carstens, Karlis Milbergs, Fiona Speichinger, Alexandra Gratl, Andreas Greiner, and Ben Raude. 2022. "A Modified Run-Off Resistance Score from Cross-Sectional Imaging Discriminates Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia from Intermittent Claudication in Peripheral Arterial Disease" Diagnostics 12, no. 12: 3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123155