Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Przepiorka, A.; Blachnio, A.; Cudo, A. The role of depression, personality, and future time perspective in internet addiction in adolescents and emerging adults. Psychiatry Res. 2019, 272, 340–348. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arain, M.; Haque, M.; Johal, L.; Mathur, P.; Nel, W.; Rais, A.; Sandhu, R.; Sharma, S. Maturation of the adolescent brain. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 2013, 9, 449–461. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Singh, N.; Moneghetti, K.J.; Christle, J.W.; Hadley, D.; Plews, D.; Froelicher, V. Heart Rate Variability: An Old Metric with New Meaning in the Era of using mHealth Technologies for Health and Exercise Training Guidance. Part One: Physiology and Methods. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. Rev. 2018, 7, 193–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Fatisson, J.; Oswald, V.; Lalonde, F. Influence Diagram of Physiological and Environmental Factors Affecting Heart Rate Variability: An Extended Literature Overview. Heart Int. 2016, 11, 32–40. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Huang, A.C.W. Autonomic Nervous System and Brain Circuitry for Internet Addiction. In Internet Addiction. Neuroscientific Approaches and Therapeutical Implications Including Smartphone Addiction; Montag, C., Reuter, M., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2017; pp. 161–180. [Google Scholar]
- Lin, P.C.; Kuo, S.Y.; Lee, P.H.; Sheen, T.C.; Chen, S.R. Effects of internet addiction on heart rate variability in school-aged children. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 2014, 29, 493–498. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ogden, R.S.; Henderson, J.; McGlone, F.; Richter, M. Time distortion under threat: Sympathetic arousal predicts time distortion only in the context of negative, highly arousing stimuli. PLoS ONE 2019, 14, e0216704. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Lake, J.I.; LaBar, K.S.; Meck, W.H. Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2016, 64, 403–420. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Turel, O.; Brevers, D.; Bechara, A. Time distortion when users at-risk for social media addiction engage in non-social media tasks. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2018, 97, 84–88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Błachnio, A.; Przepiórka, A.; Gorbaniuk, O. Cultural Correlates of Internet Addiction. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 2019, 22, 258–263. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tang, C.S.K.; Wu, A.M.S.; Yan, E.C.W.; Ko, J.H.C.; Kwon, J.H.; Yogo, M.; Gan, Y.Q.; Koh, Y.Y.W. Relative risks of Internet-related addictions and mood disturbances among college students: A 7-country/region comparison. Public Health 2018, 165, 16–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sinkkonen, H.M.; Puhakka, H.; Meriläinen, M. Internet use and addiction among Finnish adolescents (15–19 years). J. Adolesc. 2014, 37, 123–131. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Johansson, A.; Götestam, K.G. Internet addiction: Characteristics of a questionnaire and prevalence in Norwegian youth (12–18 years). Scand. J. Psychol. 2004, 45, 223–229. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Galchenko, A.S.; Grigoriev, P.E.; Poskotinova, L.V. Correlation between internet-addiction and the cognitive-stylistic features of students. Vestn. Minin Univ. 2020, 8, 7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lytaev, S.A.; Tolstova, E.A. Vegetative status with arterial hypertension in the indigenous population of the far north and migrants. Pediatrician 2016, 7, 56–62. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hasnulin, V.I.; Hasnulin, P.V. Modern concepts of the mechanisms forming northern stress in humans in high latitudes. Hum. Ecol. 2012, 1, 3–11. [Google Scholar]
- The Decree of Russian Federation’s President, May 2, 2014, N 296 “About the Land Territories of the Russian Federation’s Arctic Zone”. Available online: http://ivo.garant.ru/#/document/70647984/paragraph/1:0 (accessed on 15 March 2021).
- Chen, S.; Weng, L.; Su, Y.; Wu, H.; Yang, P. Development of a Chinese Internet Addiction Scale and Its Psychometric Study. Chin. J. Psychol. 2003, 45, 279–294. Available online: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2004-10292-005 (accessed on 15 March 2021).
- Malygin, V.L.; Feklisov, K.A.; Iskandirova, A.S.; Antonenko, A.A.; Smirnova, E.A.; Khomeriki, N.S. Internet-Dependent Behavior. Diagnostic Criteria and Methods; MSUMD: Moscow, Russia, 2011; pp. 30–33. [Google Scholar]
- Halberg, F.; Sothern, R.B.; Cornélissen, G.; Czaplicki, J. Chronomics, human time estimation, and aging. Clin. Interv. Aging 2008, 3, 749–760. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation 1996, 93, 1043–1065. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Shaffer, F.; McCraty, R.; Zerr, L.C. A healthy heart is not a metronome: An integrative review of the heart’s anatomy and heart rate variability. Front. Psychol. 2014, 5, 1040. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Baesky, R.M.; Ivanov, G.G.; Chyreykin, L.V.; Gavrilushkin, A.P.; Dovgalevsky, P.Y.; Kukushkin, Y.A.; Mironova, T.F.; Prilutsky, D.A.; Semenov, A.V.; Fedorov, V.F.; et al. Analysis of Heart Rate Variability When Using Different Electrocardiographic Systems (Part 1). Available online: http://www.vestar.ru/article.jsp?id=1267 (accessed on 15 March 2021).
- Turgeon, M.; Lustig, C.; Meck, W.H. Cognitive Aging and Time Perception: Roles of Bayesian Optimization and Degeneracy. Front. Aging Neurosci. 2016, 8, 102. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Coull, J.T.; Cheng, R.K.; Meck, W.H. Neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrates of timing. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011, 36, 23–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Agostino, P.V.; Cheng, R.K.; Williams, C.L.; West, A.E. Acquisition of response thresholds for timed performance is regulated by a calcium responsive transcription factor, CaRF. Genes Brain Behav. 2013, 12, 633–644. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Thayer, J.F.; Hansen, A.L.; Saus-Rose, E.; Johnsen, B.H. Heart rate variability, prefrontal neural function, and cognitive performance: The neurovisceral integration perspective on self-regulation, adaptation, and health. Ann. Behav. Med. 2009, 37, 141–153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cellini, N.; Mioni, G.; Levorato, I.; Grondin, S.; Stablum, F.; Sarlo, M. Heart rate variability helps tracking time more accurately. Brain Cogn. 2015, 101, 57–63. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pollatos, O.; Yeldesbay, A.; Pikovsky, A.; Rosenblum, M. How much time has passed? Ask your heart. Front. Neurorobot. 2014, 8, 15. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Thayer, J.F.; Lane, R.D. Claude Bernard and the heart-brain connection: Further elaboration of a model of neurovisceral integration. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2009, 33, 81–88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gerasimova, A.A.; Kholmogorova, A.B. The generalized problematic internet use scale 3 modified version: Approbation and validation on the Russian sample. Couns. Psychol. Psychother. 2018, 26, 56–79. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kim, N.; Hughes, T.L.; Park, C.G.; Quinn, L.; Kong, I.D. Altered Autonomic Functions and Distressed Personality Traits in Male Adolescents with Internet Gaming Addiction. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 2016, 19, 667–673. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Krivonogova, E.V.; Demin, D.B.; Krivonogova, O.V.; Poskotinova, L.V. Changes in cardiovascular indices and bioelectric activity of the brain in response to cold exposure in young men. Hum. Ecol. 2020, 11, 20–26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Weber, C.S.; Thayer, J.F.; Rudat, M.; Wirtz, P.H.; Zimmermann-Viehoff, F.; Thomas, A.; Perschel, F.H.; Arck, P.C.; Deter, H.C. Low vagal tone is associated with impaired post stress recovery of cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune markers. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2010, 109, 201–211. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
Variables | Cluster I (n = 18) | Cluster II (n = 31) | p |
---|---|---|---|
CIAS, score | 56.5 (44.0; 67.0) | 47.0 (39.0; 52.0) | 0.015 |
Com, score | 11.0 (10.0; 12.0) | 9.0 (7.0; 11.0) | 0.022 |
Wit, score | 12.0 (10.0; 14.0) | 10.0 (8.0; 11.0) | 0.001 |
Tol, score | 9.5 (7.0; 12.0) | 7.0 (6.0; 10.0) | 0.066 |
IH-RP, score | 11.5 (11.0; 15.0) | 11.0 (9.0; 13.0) | 0.219 |
Tm, score | 11.5 (8.0; 14.0) | 9.0 (7.0; 11.0) | 0.041 |
IM, sec | 67.0 (59.0; 74.0) | 61.0 (59.0; 65.0) | 0.041 |
Variables | Cluster I (n = 18) | Cluster II (n = 31) | p |
---|---|---|---|
HR, bpm | 90.6 (85.9; 96.1) | 79.3 (76.2; 86.4) | 0.001 |
RMSSD, ms | 18.9 (16.5; 24.1) | 33.4 (27.1; 41.8) | 0.001 |
SDNN, ms | 32.2 (28.1; 36.3) | 50.1 (40.6; 56.2) | 0.001 |
pNN50, % | 1.4 (0.7; 2.8) | 13.9 (7.1; 25.9) | 0.001 |
SI, units | 311.1 (204.8; 417.1) | 116.9 (87.9; 152.1) | 0.001 |
TP, ms2 | 880.9 (674.8; 1249.9) | 1898.8 (1558.9; 2721.3) | 0.001 |
HF, ms2 | 204.7 (130.5; 335.9) | 683.3 (433.4; 988.4) | 0.001 |
LF, ms2 | 321.7 (229.3; 533.2) | 637.7 (494.7; 870.2) | 0.001 |
VLF, ms2 | 132.7 (98.7; 230.4) | 237.7 (195.9; 310.3) | 0.003 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Krivonogova, O.; Krivonogova, E.; Poskotinova, L. Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic. Life 2021, 11, 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060497
Krivonogova O, Krivonogova E, Poskotinova L. Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic. Life. 2021; 11(6):497. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060497
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrivonogova, Olga, Elena Krivonogova, and Liliya Poskotinova. 2021. "Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic" Life 11, no. 6: 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060497
APA StyleKrivonogova, O., Krivonogova, E., & Poskotinova, L. (2021). Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic. Life, 11(6), 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060497