Comparison of Methods for Determining the Thresholds of Geochemical Anomalies and the Prospecting Direction—A Case of Gold Deposits in the Gouli Exploration Area, Qinghai Province
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Data
2.1. Geological Settings
2.2. Data Sources and Eigenvalues Statistics
3. Methods
3.1. Cumulative Frequency Method
3.2. Local Singularity Analysis
3.3. Exploration Data Analysis Method
3.4. Robust Principal Component Analysis
4. Results
4.1. The Results Processed by Cumulative Frequency Method, Local Singularity Analysis and Exploration Data Analysis Method
4.2. The Results Processed by RPCA
5. Discussion
5.1. Relationship between Fracture and Mineralization
5.2. The Choice of the Optimal Solution Method
5.3. Mineralization-Related Associated Elements
5.4. Delineation of Prospecting Targets and Anomaly Verification
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> main() { FILE *fp; char filename [50];//Used to store the filename. int i,j, n,flag; float data[1 00000] = {0},temp,t,num; printf(" Please input the filename: "); gets(filename); //The TXT file and C program engineering files must be placed in the same folder. fp=fopen(filename,"r"); //Input the amount of the element. scanf("%d",&n); for(i=0;i<n;i++) fscanf(fp,"%f",&data[i]); fclose(fp); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%.2f\n",data[i]); for(j=0;j<n-1;j++) { //Traversing all data of the element concentration. for(i=0;i<n-1-j;i++) { //Sorting the elements from small to large. if(data[i]> data[i+1]) { temp=data[i]; data[i]= data[i+1]; data[i+1]=temp; } } } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { t=float(i+1); num=float(n); if(t/num>=0.85) {//Determine the location of elements at a cumulative frequency of 85%. flag=i; break; } } //Determine the abnormal threshold value of this element. printf("The abnormal threshold of the element is %.2f ppb.\n",data[flag]); }
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Geological Units | Amount | Mean Value | Median | Standard Deviation | Variance | Skewness | Kurtosis | Minimum Value | Maximum Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole area | 764 | 1.32 | 1.1 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 3.46 | 17.57 | 0.5 | 8.4 |
Quaternary | 40 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.75 | 0.57 | 2.55 | 8.14 | 0.5 | 4.4 |
Late Triassic intrusive rocks | 161 | 1.36 | 1.1 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 3.07 | 14.48 | 0.5 | 7.7 |
Middle Triassic intrusive rocks | 61 | 1.64 | 1.3 | 1.43 | 2.06 | 3.04 | 10.28 | 0.6 | 8.3 |
Permian intrusive rocks | 34 | 1.73 | 1.7 | 0.74 | 0.54 | 0.16 | −1.42 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
Ordovician intrusive rocks | 40 | 1.04 | 0.95 | 0.36 | 0.13 | 1.66 | 4.09 | 0.6 | 2.4 |
The strata of the Ela mountains | 26 | 1.29 | 1.05 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 0.86 | −0.19 | 0.5 | 2.7 |
The strata of Jinshuikou Group | 385 | 1.31 | 1 | 0.95 | 0.9 | 3.44 | 17.84 | 0.5 | 8.4 |
The strata of Xiaomiao | 17 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.51 | 0.26 | 1.44 | 1.81 | 0.8 | 2.2 |
Methods | Abnormal Threshold Values | Abnormal Areas | Geological Body Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Cumulative frequency method | 1.9 | 9.47 | Triassic intrusive rocks and Jinshuikou Group strata |
Local singularity analysis | 1.7 | 14 | Triassic intrusive rocks and Jinshuikou Group strata |
Exploration data analysis method | 2.55 | 7.66 | Triassic intrusive rocks and Jinshuikou Group strata |
Elements | Maximum Value | Minimum Value | The Concentration at the Same Window as Singularity Index α when Singularity Index (α) Is Close to 2 Infinitely |
---|---|---|---|
Au (ppb) | 8.4 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
Sb (ppm) | 5.16 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
W (ppm) | 6.05 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
As (ppm) | 86.79 | 1.95 | 10.1 |
Au + Sb + W + As (ppm) | 68.54 | 1.86 | 2.4 |
Output Characteristics of Gold Deposits | Yes (Scoring) | No (Scoring) |
---|---|---|
If there are faults or structure alteration zones | 1 | 0 |
If the geological unit is Triassic intrusive rock or Jinshuikou Group strata | 1 | 0 |
If mineralization alteration is mainly pyritization, ferritization and galena mineralization | 1 | 0 |
If there are strong anomalies of Au | 1 | 0 |
If there are the abnormal compositional elements of Sb, As, and W | 1 | 0 |
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Chen, D.; Wei, J.; Wang, W.; Shi, W.; Li, H.; Zhan, X. Comparison of Methods for Determining the Thresholds of Geochemical Anomalies and the Prospecting Direction—A Case of Gold Deposits in the Gouli Exploration Area, Qinghai Province. Minerals 2019, 9, 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9060368
Chen D, Wei J, Wang W, Shi W, Li H, Zhan X. Comparison of Methods for Determining the Thresholds of Geochemical Anomalies and the Prospecting Direction—A Case of Gold Deposits in the Gouli Exploration Area, Qinghai Province. Minerals. 2019; 9(6):368. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9060368
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Dingjie, Junhao Wei, Wenhui Wang, Wenjie Shi, Huan Li, and Xiaofei Zhan. 2019. "Comparison of Methods for Determining the Thresholds of Geochemical Anomalies and the Prospecting Direction—A Case of Gold Deposits in the Gouli Exploration Area, Qinghai Province" Minerals 9, no. 6: 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9060368