An Evaluation of the Australian Coal Flotation Standards
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Coal Samples
2.2. Reagents
2.3. Flotation
2.4. Reporting
2.5. Analysis of Results
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Reporting
3.2. Basic Flotation Test
3.3. Sequential Flotation Procedure
3.3.1. Qualitative Comparison
3.3.2. Qualitative Comparison
3.3.3. Other Comparison Methods (Hypothesis Testing and Clustering)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Moisture, % | Ash, % |
---|---|---|
Thermal | 1.4 (1.2) | 62.8 (1.4) |
Metallurgical | 1.0 (0.7) | 20.7 (0.5) |
Sieve Size, μm | Thermal Coal | Metallurgical Coal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mass Percentage Retained, % | Ash, % | Mass Percentage Retained, % | Ash, % | |
250 | 7.3 (2.3) | 47.1 (3.9) | 10.3 (3.3) | 18.4 (1.0) |
125 | 25.5 (3.1) | 57.8 (0.9) | 24.5 (3.8) | 18.0 (0.6) |
63 | 24.7 (4.4) | 62.4 (1.3) | 29.4 (8.9) | 20.0 (1.1) |
pan | 42.6 (9.5) | 69.4 (4.9) | 35.7 (15.6) | 24.0 (1.4) |
Criterion | Laboratory | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | |
Date the test was conducted | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Sample ID | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Sample history | ||||||||
Reference to the standard | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Sample size analysis | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 3 | |||||
Sample ash analysis (by size fraction) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 1 | |||||
Mass of coal (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ 2 | ✓ 1 | ✓ | ✓ 2 | ✓ 1 | |||
Ash percentage (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ 1 | ✓1 | ✓ 1 | ✓ 2 | ✓ 1 | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ 1 |
Mass distribution (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ 1 | ✓1 | ✓ 1 | ✓ 2 | ✓ 1 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 1 |
Other properties | Moisture Collector | Moisture | Collector Flotation cell | |||||
Format | .xls | .pdf, .xls | .pdf, .xls | .doc |
Criterion | Laboratory | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | |
Date the test was conducted | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Sample ID | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Sample history | ||||||||
Reference to the standard | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Sample size analysis | ✓ 1 | ✓ | ✓ 1 | ✓ 1 | ||||
Mass of coal (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Mass distribution (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Ash percentage (feed, concentrate, tailings) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Yield–ash relationship in a tabular form * | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Yield–ash relationship in a graphical form | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ 2 | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Other properties | Moisture Collector | Moisture | Collector Flotation cell | |||||
Format | .xls | .pdf, .xls | .pdf, .xls | .doc |
Lab | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 0 | 76.0 | 405.0 | 117.9 | 84.2 | 47.5 | 192.3 | 85.0 | 144.0 |
B | 76.0 | 0 | 279.4 | 62.0 | 37.7 | 33.3 | 61.1 | 49.5 | 85.5 |
C | 405.0 | 279.4 | 0 | 133.2 | 264.3 | 297.6 | 198.1 | 194.2 | 253.1 |
D | 117.9 | 62.0 | 133.2 | 0 | 42.9 | 69.4 | 62.4 | 36.9 | 75.0 |
E | 84.2 | 37.3 | 264.3 | 42.9 | 0 | 56.0 | 45.2 | 43.1 | 81.9 |
F | 47.5 | 33.3 | 297.6 | 69.4 | 56.0 | 0 | 111.7 | 54.4 | 95.7 |
G | 192.3 | 61.1 | 198.1 | 62.4 | 45.2 | 111.7 | 0 | 50.6 | 103.1 |
H | 85.0 | 49.5 | 194.2 | 36.9 | 43.1 | 54.4 | 50.6 | 0 | 73.4 |
Mean | 144.0 | 85.5 | 253.1 | 75.0 | 81.9 | 95.7 | 103.1 | 73.4 | 114.0 |
Lab | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 0 | 34.0 | 79.2 | 32.7 | 103.8 | 67.3 | 76.7 | 73.6 | 66.8 |
B | 34.0 | 0 | 106.6 | 36.9 | 108.3 | 96.1 | 79.3 | 105.8 | 81.0 |
C | 79.2 | 106.6 | 0 | 80.8 | 88.7 | 134.0 | 73.0 | 31.7 | 84.9 |
D | 32.7 | 36.9 | 80.8 | 0 | 80.0 | 74.3 | 96.1 | 74.4 | 67.9 |
E | 103.8 | 108.3 | 88.7 | 80.0 | 0 | 160.0 | 100.2 | 99.4 | 105.8 |
F | 67.3 | 96.1 | 134.0 | 74.3 | 160.0 | 0 | 223.5 | 124.7 | 125.7 |
G | 76.7 | 79.3 | 73.0 | 96.1 | 100.2 | 223.5 | 0 | 73.3 | 103.1 |
H | 73.6 | 105.8 | 31.7 | 74.4 | 99.4 | 124.7 | 73.3 | 0 | 83.3 |
Mean | 66.8 | 81.0 | 84.9 | 67.9 | 105.8 | 125.7 | 103.1 | 83.3 | 89.8 |
Coal | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | Mean Error | Error SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thermal | 54.7 | 30.1 | 200.6 | 41.4 | 42.5 | 36.7 | 76.0 | 21.2 | 62.9 | 58.1 |
Metallurgical | 33.8 | 44.9 | 71.3 | 21.6 | 86.2 | 66.0 | 84.6 | 61.4 | 58.7 | 23.4 |
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Bournival, G.; Ata, S. An Evaluation of the Australian Coal Flotation Standards. Minerals 2021, 11, 550. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11060550
Bournival G, Ata S. An Evaluation of the Australian Coal Flotation Standards. Minerals. 2021; 11(6):550. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11060550
Chicago/Turabian StyleBournival, Ghislain, and Seher Ata. 2021. "An Evaluation of the Australian Coal Flotation Standards" Minerals 11, no. 6: 550. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11060550