EEG and fMRI Correlates of Insight: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Stimuli and Task
2.3. EEG Data Acquisition and Analysis
2.4. FMRI Data Acquisition and Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Behavioral Results
3.2. EEG Analysis
3.3. FMRI Analysis
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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№ Cluster | N Active Voxels in Cluster | Anatomical ROI | N Active Voxels in ROI | Peak MNI-Coordinates, mm | Peak T-Value | Peak p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X | Y | Z | ||||||
1 | 34 | TP r (Temporal Pole) | 34 | 54 | 10 | −24 | 5.4 | 0.0002 |
2 | 9 | aPaHC r (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 1 | 28 | −6 | −28 | 5.8 | 0.0001 |
Hippocampus r | 8 | |||||||
3 | 11 | pPaHC r (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 11 | 30 | −30 | −18 | 7.2 | 2.65 × 10−5 |
4 | 36 | IC l (Insular Cortex) | 6 | −34 | 16 | −16 | 5.7 | 0.0001 |
FOrb l (Frontal Orbital Cortex) | 30 | |||||||
5 | 4 | TP r (Temporal Pole) | 4 | 40 | 16 | −20 | 4.8 | 0.0005 |
6 | 3 | PP l (Planum Polare) | 3 | −46 | 0 | −16 | 4.4 | 0.0008 |
7 | 6 | Brainstem | 6 | −8 | −32 | −12 | 5.5 | 0.0002 |
8 | 173 | pSTG r (Superior Temporal Gyrus) | 88 | 60 | −20 | −4 | 6.5 | 5.26 × 10−5 |
pMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 85 | |||||||
9 | 7 | Thalamus r | 1 | 12 | −32 | −4 | 6.6 | 5.25 × 10−5 |
Brainstem | 6 | |||||||
10 | 10 | FP r (Frontal Pole) | 10 | 38 | 56 | −2 | 5.1 | 0.0003 |
11 | 11 | toMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 5 | 62 | −40 | 4 | 5.3 | 0.0003 |
pSMG r (Supramarginal Gyrus) | 6 | |||||||
12 | 10 | OP r (Occipital Pole) | 10 | 10 | −98 | 14 | 5.5 | 0.0002 |
13 | 10 | PaCiG l (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 8 | −14 | 46 | 6 | 4.9 | 0.0004 |
AC (Cingulate Gyrus) | 2 | |||||||
14 | 3 | ICC l (Intracalcarine Cortex) | 3 | −16 | −74 | 10 | 4.9 | 0.0004 |
15 | 16 | PaCiG r (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 7 | 10 | 42 | 12 | 4.8 | 0.0005 |
AC (Cingulate Gyrus) | 9 | |||||||
16 | 6 | OP r (Occipital Pole) | 6 | 6 | −94 | 14 | 5 | 0.0004 |
17 | 28 | FP r (Frontal Pole) | 28 | 28 | 52 | 20 | 5 | 0.0004 |
18 | 17 | AG r (Angular Gyrus) | 17 | 62 | −48 | 24 | 4.4 | 0.0008 |
19 | 14 | PaCiG l (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 14 | −6 | 40 | 32 | 5.9 | 0.0001 |
20 | 4 | Precuneous (Precuneous Cortex) | 4 | 16 | −46 | 42 | 5.1 | 0.0003 |
21 | 7 | SFG l (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 7 | −10 | 16 | 60 | 4.9 | 0.0004 |
22 | 5 | FOrb r (Frontal Orbital Cortex) | 5 | 26 | 30 | −14 | −5.1 | 0.0003 |
23 | 7 | PreCG l (Precentral Gyrus) | 7 | −6 | −26 | 58 | −5.8 | 0.0001 |
№ Cluster | N Active Voxels in Cluster | Anatomical ROI | N Active Voxels in ROI | Peak MNI-Coordinates, mm | Peak T-Value | Peak p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X | Y | Z | ||||||
1 | 27 | TP r (Temporal Pole) | 27 | 38 | 20 | −38 | 5.4 | 0.0002 |
2 | 3 | Cereb1 l (Cerebellum Crus1) | 3 | −36 | −60 | −36 | 4.9 | 0.0004 |
3 | 28 | TP r (Temporal Pole) | 28 | 54 | 8 | −24 | 5.5 | 0.0002 |
4 | 6 | Cereb1 l (Cerebellum Crus1) | 6 | −14 | −74 | −28 | 4.7 | 0.0005 |
5 | 11 | aPaHC r (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 2 | 28 | −6 | −28 | 6.7 | 4.69 × 10−5 |
Hippocampus r | 9 | |||||||
6 | 6 | aPaHC r (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 1 | 30 | −14 | −26 | 6.1 | 8.75 × 10−5 |
Hippocampus r | 5 | |||||||
7 | 7 | aPaHC l (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 2 | −28 | −4 | −26 | 5.3 | 0.0002 |
Amygdala l | 5 | |||||||
8 | 7 | Hippocampus l | 6 | −24 | −8 | −24 | 5.1 | 0.0003 |
Amygdala l | 1 | |||||||
9 | 6 | pPaHC l (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 6 | −20 | −24 | −20 | 5 | 0.0004 |
10 | 20 | aSTG l (Superior Temporal Gyrus) | 3 | −46 | −2 | −16 | 6 | 0.0001 |
PP l (Planum Polare) | 17 | |||||||
11 | 32 | pPaHC r (Parahippocampal Gyrus) | 19 | 30 | −28 | −16 | 7.6 | 1.74 × 10−5 |
pTFusC r(Temporal Fusiform Cortex) | 2 | |||||||
Hippocampus r | 11 | |||||||
12 | 9 | pMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 9 | 60 | −10 | −20 | 5.9 | 0.0001 |
13 | 64 | IC l (Insular Cortex) | 13 | −32 | 16 | −18 | 6.3 | 7.09 × 10−5 |
FOrb l (Frontal Orbital Cortex) | 51 | |||||||
14 | 9 | TP r (Temporal Pole) | 9 | 46 | 14 | −18 | 5 | 0.0004 |
15 | 18 | Brainstem | 17 | −8 | −32 | −12 | 6.4 | 5.92 × 10−5 |
Cereb45 l (Cerebellum 4 5) | 1 | −8 | −32 | −12 | ||||
16 | 8 | Hippocampus l | 8 | −24 | −26 | −12 | 5.9 | 0.0001 |
17 | 6 | aSTG r (Superior Temporal Gyrus) | 5 | 60 | 0 | −16 | 4.4 | 0.0008 |
aMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 1 | |||||||
18 | 3 | Brainstem | 3 | 10 | −28 | −12 | 5 | 0.0004 |
19 | 240 | pSTG r (Superior Temporal Gyrus) | 122 | 60 | −24 | −2 | 7.2 | 2.58 × 10−5 |
pMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 118 | |||||||
20 | 10 | Thalamus r | 2 | 12 | −32 | −4 | 6.9 | 3.63 × 10−5 |
Brainstem | 8 | 12 | −32 | −4 | ||||
21 | 5 | LG l (Lingual Gyrus) | 5 | −26 | −60 | −2 | 5.5 | 0.0002 |
22 | 17 | FP r (Frontal Pole) | 17 | 38 | 56 | −2 | 6 | 0.0001 |
23 | 39 | OP r (Occipital Pole) | 39 | 10 | −98 | 14 | 6.7 | 4.27 × 10−5 |
24 | 22 | toMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 9 | 62 | −40 | 4 | 5.6 | 0.0002 |
pSMG r (Supramarginal Gyrus) | 13 | 62 | −40 | 4 | ||||
25 | 5 | toMTG r (Middle Temporal Gyrus) | 4 | 50 | −38 | 4 | 4.8 | 0.0005 |
pSMG r (Supramarginal Gyrus) | 1 | |||||||
26 | 9 | ICC l (Intracalcarine Cortex) | 9 | −14 | −74 | 8 | 6 | 5.91 × 10−5 |
27 | 7 | PaCiG l (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 7 | −14 | 46 | 6 | 5.5 | 0.0002 |
28 | 26 | PaCiG r (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 13 | 10 | 42 | 12 | 5.1 | 0.0003 |
AC (Cingulate Gyrus) | 13 | 10 | 42 | 12 | ||||
29 | 5 | AC (Cingulate Gyrus) | 5 | −4 | 36 | 18 | 5 | 0.0003 |
30 | 11 | FP r (Frontal Pole) | 11 | 26 | 54 | 20 | 5.3 | 0.0002 |
31 | 9 | Cuneal r (Cuneal Cortex) | 2 | 8 | −88 | 22 | 4.8 | 0.0005 |
OP r (Occipital Pole) | 7 | |||||||
32 | 37 | Precuneous (Precuneous Cortex) | 3 | −4 | −76 | 28 | 5.9 | 0.0001 |
Cuneal l (Cuneal Cortex) | 34 | −4 | −76 | |||||
33 | 21 | pSMG r (Supramarginal Gyrus) | 1 | 50 | −46 | 26 | 7.2 | 2.54 × 10−5 |
AG r (Angular Gyrus) | 20 | 50 | −46 | 26 | ||||
34 | 7 | FP l (Frontal Pole) | 5 | −20 | 44 | 22 | 4.8 | 0.0005 |
35 | 51 | FP r (Frontal Pole) | 50 | 14 | 54 | 26 | 6.5 | 5.62 × 10−5 |
SFG r (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 1 | 14 | 54 | 26 | ||||
36 | 15 | AG r (Angular Gyrus) | 15 | 62 | −50 | 22 | 4.6 | 0.0006 |
37 | 24 | SFG l (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 1 | −6 | 40 | 32 | 5.9 | 0.0001 |
PaCiG l (Paracingulate Gyrus) | 23 | −6 | 40 | 32 | ||||
38 | 3 | sLOC r (Lateral Occipital Cortex) | 3 | 44 | −64 | 34 | 4.5 | 0.0008 |
39 | 14 | Precuneous (Precuneous Cortex) | 14 | 16 | −46 | 42 | 5.3 | 0.0003 |
40 | 9 | SFG r (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 6 | 26 | 28 | 48 | 4.6 | 0.0006 |
MidFG r (Middle Frontal Gyrus) | 3 | 26 | 28 | 48 | ||||
41 | 26 | SFG l (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 26 | −10 | 14 | 62 | 6 | 9.75 × 10−5 |
42 | 10 | SFG r (Superior Frontal Gyrus) | 10 | 12 | 18 | 68 | 4.6 | 0.0006 |
43 | 8 | PreCG l (Precentral Gyrus) | 8 | −6 | −26 | 58 | −7.8 | 0.00001 |
44 | 4 | PostCG r (Postcentral Gyrus) | 4 | 16 | −32 | 74 | −4.5 | 0.0008 |
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Knyazev, G.G.; Ushakov, V.L.; Orlov, V.A.; Malakhov, D.G.; Kartashov, S.I.; Savostyanov, A.N.; Bocharov, A.V.; Velichkovsky, B.M. EEG and fMRI Correlates of Insight: A Pilot Study. Symmetry 2021, 13, 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020330
Knyazev GG, Ushakov VL, Orlov VA, Malakhov DG, Kartashov SI, Savostyanov AN, Bocharov AV, Velichkovsky BM. EEG and fMRI Correlates of Insight: A Pilot Study. Symmetry. 2021; 13(2):330. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020330
Chicago/Turabian StyleKnyazev, Gennady G., Vadim L. Ushakov, Vyacheslav A. Orlov, Denis G. Malakhov, Sergey I. Kartashov, Alexander N. Savostyanov, Andrey V. Bocharov, and Boris M. Velichkovsky. 2021. "EEG and fMRI Correlates of Insight: A Pilot Study" Symmetry 13, no. 2: 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020330