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Volume 9
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10.3390/w9110891
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Article

Composition of Groundwater Bacterial Communities before and after Air Surging in a Groundwater Heat Pump System According to a Pyrosequencing Assay

by
Heejung Kim
1,
Jong-Koo Mok
2,
Youngyun Park
3,
Dugin Kaown
1 and
Kang-Kun Lee
1,*
1
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
2
Geo3eco Co., Ltd, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
3
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2017, 9(11), 891; https://doi.org/10.3390/w9110891
Submission received: 29 September 2017 / Revised: 18 October 2017 / Accepted: 13 November 2017 / Published: 15 November 2017
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Abstract

The geothermal energy of groundwater has aroused increasing interest as a solution to climate change. The groundwater heat pumps (GWHP) system using groundwater is the most environmentally friendly system to date and has been examined in several studies. However, biological clogging by microorganisms negatively affects the thermal efficiency of the GWHP system. In this study, we employed air surging, the most popular among well management methods, and pyrosequencing to analyze the genetic diversity in bacteria before and after air surging in a geothermal well. Furthermore, the diversity of dominant bacterial genera and those related to clogging were evaluated. The bacterial diversity of the groundwater well increased after air surging. Nevertheless, the proportion of bacterial genera thought to be related to microbiological clogging decreased. In cooling and heating systems based on the geothermal energy of groundwater, the wells should be maintained regularly by air surging to reduce efficiency problems caused by microbiological clogging and to prevent secondary damage to human health, e.g., pneumonia due to human pathogenic bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter.
Keywords: groundwater heat pumps; GWHP; bacterial community composition; efficiency; clogging; pyrosequencing; air surging groundwater heat pumps; GWHP; bacterial community composition; efficiency; clogging; pyrosequencing; air surging

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kim, H.; Mok, J.-K.; Park, Y.; Kaown, D.; Lee, K.-K. Composition of Groundwater Bacterial Communities before and after Air Surging in a Groundwater Heat Pump System According to a Pyrosequencing Assay. Water 2017, 9, 891. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9110891

AMA Style

Kim H, Mok J-K, Park Y, Kaown D, Lee K-K. Composition of Groundwater Bacterial Communities before and after Air Surging in a Groundwater Heat Pump System According to a Pyrosequencing Assay. Water. 2017; 9(11):891. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9110891

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kim, Heejung, Jong-Koo Mok, Youngyun Park, Dugin Kaown, and Kang-Kun Lee. 2017. "Composition of Groundwater Bacterial Communities before and after Air Surging in a Groundwater Heat Pump System According to a Pyrosequencing Assay" Water 9, no. 11: 891. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9110891

APA Style

Kim, H., Mok, J.-K., Park, Y., Kaown, D., & Lee, K.-K. (2017). Composition of Groundwater Bacterial Communities before and after Air Surging in a Groundwater Heat Pump System According to a Pyrosequencing Assay. Water, 9(11), 891. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9110891

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