Contribution of Water Saving to a Stable Power Supply in Vietnam
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Analysis
Process | Energy Consumption Rate of Water (MJ/m3) |
---|---|
Waterworks system | 1.44 |
Sewer system | 1.05 |
Water supply system in a house | 1.99 |
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Water Saving on Power Supply
Item | Instantaneous Electric Water Heater | Storage Electric Water Heater |
---|---|---|
Appearance | ||
Power consumption (W) | 4500 | 2500 |
Max. supply temperature (°C) | 40 | 60 |
Storage capacity (L) | 0 | 10–30 |
Item | 2004 | 2006 | 2008 | 2010 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | |
Refrigerator | 45.8 | 6.8 | 53.9 | 11.2 | 64.1 | 19.6 | 63.8 | 29.2 |
PC | 16.3 | 1.3 | 21.3 | 2.6 | 28.9 | 4.8 | 38.2 | 7.6 |
Television | 94.9 | 61.4 | 102.1 | 74.3 | 108.6 | 85.7 | 97.6 | 80.7 |
Air-conditioner | 8.0 | 0.3 | 12.0 | 0.5 | 17.3 | 1.0 | 26.2 | 2.1 |
Water heater | 18.0 | 1.1 | 22.5 | 2.0 | 26.6 | 3.8 | 28.9 | 6.3 |
3.2. Effect of Water Saving on Peak Load of Electricity Consumption
Item | Refrigerator | PC | Television | Air-Conditioner | Water Heater |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electricity consumption (W) | 150–600 | 50–150 | 150–200 | 100–1000 | 2500–4500 |
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Otani, T.; Toyosada, K.; Shimizu, Y. Contribution of Water Saving to a Stable Power Supply in Vietnam. Water 2015, 7, 2900-2907. https://doi.org/10.3390/w7062900
Otani T, Toyosada K, Shimizu Y. Contribution of Water Saving to a Stable Power Supply in Vietnam. Water. 2015; 7(6):2900-2907. https://doi.org/10.3390/w7062900
Chicago/Turabian StyleOtani, Takayuki, Kanako Toyosada, and Yasutoshi Shimizu. 2015. "Contribution of Water Saving to a Stable Power Supply in Vietnam" Water 7, no. 6: 2900-2907. https://doi.org/10.3390/w7062900
APA StyleOtani, T., Toyosada, K., & Shimizu, Y. (2015). Contribution of Water Saving to a Stable Power Supply in Vietnam. Water, 7(6), 2900-2907. https://doi.org/10.3390/w7062900