Correction: Zhou, X.; Liu, Y. Deciphering Relative Sea-Level Change in Chesapeake Bay: Impact of Global Mean, Regional Variation, and Local Land Subsidence, Part 2: Results. Water 2025, 17, 3235

In the original publication [1], there was a mistake in Table 1 as published.

In Table 1, Row 14 and Column 5, change “2.71” to “2.49”. This is because (Column 4–Column 5) must equal 1.10. However, for Tolchester Beach, (3.59 − 2.71) = 0.88, which is not equal to 1.10. This discrepancy allowed us to identify the use of an incorrect value (2.71) for Column 5 at Tolchester Beach. The values for the other 14 tide gauges are correct. During proofreading, we focused mainly on responding to the editor’s questions and correcting grammar, and we did not re-verify the numerical values in Table 1. We apologize for this oversight.

In Table 1, Row 14 and Column 9, change “2.55” to “2.33”. This is because Column 5 minus Column 9 should equal 0.16. The incorrect use of 2.71 above led to the earlier incorrect value 2.55. Using the correct values, 2.49 minus 0.16 gives 2.33, which is accurate. The value 0.50 in Column 8 also confirms this: it equals 2.33 (Column 9) minus 1.83 (Column 7), not 2.55 minus 1.83. This again demonstrates that the earlier use of 2.71 was an error.

In Table 1, Row 18 and Column 5, change “2.64” to “2.63”. The correction of “2.71” to “2.49” in Item 1 requires updating “2.64” to “2.63” for the average of the other 15 values in Column 5.

In Table 1, Row 18 and Column 9, change “2.47” to “2.46”. The correction of “2.55” to “2.33” in Item 2 leads to updating “2.47” to “2.46” for the average of the other 15 values in Column 9.

The corrected

Table 1. Simulation results and comparisons of linear RSLC trends.

Information from NOAA			Linear Features of RSLC Trend in This STUDY (mm/year)						LS Trend (mm/year) in Other Studies
Tide gauge	Data period (yrs.)	RSLT a (mm/year)	Linear constant b (${\overline{R}}_c$)	${\overline{R}}_c-{\alpha }_1^h$ c	${\alpha }_1^{h^{\prime }}$ d	BSS g	CS h PCS/CIS	LS ($\dot{\overline{F}}$)	Leveling [25]	$\dot{\overline{F}}$ GPS/d l	InSAR [4]
Baltimore MD	1902–2024 (122)	3.27 $\pm$0.12	3.12 $\pm$0.03	2.02 $\pm$0.30	0.16 e $\pm$0.43	1.86 $\pm$0.31	0 0/0	1.86 i $\pm$0.31	1.79$\pm$0.38	1.79$\pm$0.52 UMBC m/12	1.86 $\pm$0.31
Washington DC	1924–2024 (100)	3.49 $\pm$0.26	3.32 $\pm$0.04	2.22 $\pm$0.30	0.16 f $\pm$0.43	2.06 $\pm$0.43	0 0/0	2.06 j $\pm$0.43	1.10$\pm$0.40	n/a	n/a
Ocean City MD	1975–2024 (49)	5.15 $\pm$0.69	3.18 $\pm$0.19	2.08 $\pm$0.30		1.92 $\pm$0.43	0 0/0	1.92 j $\pm$0.43	n/a	n/a	4.23 $\pm$2.70
Kiptopeke VA	1951–2024 (73)	3.95 $\pm$0.29	3.58 $\pm$0.11	2.48 $\pm$0.30		2.32 $\pm$0.43	0 0/00	2.32 j $\pm$0.43	1.06$\pm$0.71	n/a	n/a
Sewells Point VA	1927–2024 (97)	4.79 $\pm$0.21	4.36 $\pm$0.09	3.26 $\pm$0.30		2.42 $\pm$0.43	0.68$\pm$0.43 0.68$\pm$0.43/0	3.10 j $\pm$0.43	2.42$\pm$0.51 Hampton Roads k	2.57$\pm$0.47 DRV6 n/21	2.20 $\pm$0.51
Yorktown VA	1950–2024 (74)	4.81 $\pm$0.31	4.18 $\pm$0.14	3.28 $\pm$0.30		2.38 $\pm$0.43	0.74$\pm$0.43 0.74$\pm$0.43/0	3.12 j $\pm$0.43	3.09$\pm$0.83	2.47$\pm$1.14 YRVA n/1.3	2.29 $\pm$0.52
Cambridge MD	1943–2024 (81)	3.97 $\pm$0.29	3.60 $\pm$0.10	2.50 $\pm$0.30		1.98 $\pm$0.43	0.36$\pm$0.43 0.36$\pm$0.43/0	2.34 j $\pm$0.43	1.93$\pm$0.0.65	2.34$\pm$0.10 NPT m /7	2.02 n/a
Solomons Island MD	1937–2024 (87)	4.04 $\pm$0.23	3.85 $\pm$0.09	2.75 $\pm$0.30		2.10 $\pm$0.43	0.49$\pm$0.43 0.49$\pm$0.43/0	2.59 j $\pm$0.43	2.45$\pm$0.48	2.40$\pm$0.30 SOL1 m/0.4	n/a
Annapolis MD	1928–2024 (96)	3.80 $\pm$0.19	3.49 $\pm$0.04	2.39 $\pm$0.30		1.92 $\pm$0.43	0.31$\pm$0.43 0.31$\pm$0.43/0	2.23 j $\pm$0.43	2.10$\pm$0.38	2.24$\pm$0.17 LOYF m /5	2.15 $\pm$0.20
Lewisetta VA	1970–2024 (54)	5.87 $\pm$0.54	4.20 $\pm$0.18	3.10 $\pm$0.30		2.19 $\pm$0.43	0.75$\pm$0.43 0.75$\pm$0.43/0	2.94 j $\pm$0.43	3.06$\pm$0.95 Saluda k	n/a	0.52 $\pm$1.11
Dahlgren VA	1972–2024 (52)	5.63 $\pm$0.59	4.10 $\pm$0.17	3.00 $\pm$0.30		2.22 $\pm$0.43	0.62$\pm$0.43 0.62$\pm$0.43/0	2.84 j $\pm$0.43	1.97$\pm$0.60 Allens Fresh k	n/a	n/a
Tolchester Beach, MD	1971–2024 (53)	4.10 $\pm$0.84	3.59 $\pm$0.23	2.49 $\pm$0.30		1.83 $\pm$0.43	0.50$\pm$0.43 0.72$\pm$0.43/0	2.33 j $\pm$0.43	3.03$\pm$0.43 Chestertown k	n/a	0.66 $\pm$1.87
Chesapeake City MD	1972–2024 (52)	4.35 $\pm$0.60	3.20 $\pm$0.11	2.10 $\pm$0.30		1.68 $\pm$0.43	0.26$\pm$0.43 0.26$\pm$0.43/0	1.94 j $\pm$0.43	2.32$\pm$0.49	n/a	3.10 $\pm$1.12
Wachapreague, VA	1978–2024 (46)	5.63 $\pm$0.59	3.69 $\pm$0.16	2.59 $\pm$0.30		2.17 $\pm$0.43	0.26$\pm$0.43 0.26$\pm$0.43/0	2.43 j $\pm$0.43	n/a	n/a	3.31 $\pm$1.52
CBBT VA	1975–2024 (49)	6.14 $\pm$0.56	4.14 $\pm$0.18	3.04 $\pm$0.30		2.36 $\pm$0.43	0.52$\pm$0.43 0/0.52$\pm$0.43	2.88 j $\pm$0.43	2.77$\pm$0.52 Norfolk k	n/a	2.38 $\pm$1.08
Average	(72)	4.60 $\pm$0.42	3.72 $\pm$0.12	2.63 $\pm$0.30		2.17 $\pm$0.43	0.38$\pm$0.43 0.38$\pm$0.43/na	2.46 $\pm$0.43	2.24 $\pm$0.58	2.29 $\pm$0.45	2.25 $\pm$1.09

Notes: ^a RSLT: Relative sea-level trend defined by the NOAA using a linear model. Access date: 18 July 2024 (https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends.html)_. ^b ${\overline{R}}_c$ values are found through simulations using Equations (A1a), (A1b), (A5a) and (A5b). Errors are from col. 9 in Table S4. ^c ${\alpha }_1^h$: Linear constant of GMSLR trend ($\overline{h}$). ${\alpha }_1^h$ of 1.10 $\pm 0.30$ mm/year from [32] is employed in this study. ^d ${\alpha }_1^{h^{\prime }}$: Linear constant of RSLR trend (${\overline{h}}^{\prime }$). See Equations (A3a) and (A3b). ^e ${\alpha }_1^{h^{\prime }}={\overline{R}}_c-{\alpha }_1^h-\dot{\overline{F}}=3.12-1.10-1.86=0.16$mm/year. $\dot{\overline{F}}=1.86 \pm$ 0.31 mm/year from row 3 col. 12. Error =$\sqrt{{\left(\pm 0.30\right)}^2+{\left(\pm 0.30\right)}^2}$ = $\pm$0.43 mm/year [42]. ^f ${\alpha }_1^{h^{\prime }}=0.16$ mm/year in row 3 col. 6 is used as a uniform value in the CB. Error = $\pm$0.43 mm/year. ^g BSS = LS − CS. LS in col. 9 and CS in col. 8. ^h CS: Compaction subsidence; PCS: primary consolidation subsidence; CIS: construction-induced subsidence. CS = PCS + CIS = LS − BBS. ⁱ LS of 1.86 mm/year is from row 3 col. 12. ^j The values of LS rate ($\dot{\overline{F}}$) are solved using Equation (A6) from $k_{tg\sim Bal}$ values shown in Figure S1 (sea equations in A2 through O2) in Part 1 [10]. Error is dominated from ${\alpha }_1^h$ of 1.10 $\pm 0.30$ mm/year and LS of 1.86 ± 0.31 mm/year from row 3 col. 12. ^k See reference [25], from benchmarks near the current TG stations, when the current benchmarks were not established yet for TGs in 1974. ^l d: distance (km) between TG and GPS_. ^m The GPS data source from SONEL (see Figure S10C–F for rates and errors). Measurements are during 1995 to 2020 with timescales of 7 to 19 years. ⁿ The GPS data source from Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (see Figure S10A,B for rates and errors). Measurements are during 2002 to 2021 with timescales of 6 to 21 years. “n/a” indicates that no nearby GPS station is available to provide reliable land subsidence (LS) rate estimates.

appears below:

Due to the change from 2.55 to 2.33 in Table 1, Row 14 and Column 9 on page 7, the contribution rate of PCS—0.50 mm/year in Column 8—to the total subsidence of 2.33 mm/year in Column 9 should be 21% (=0.50/2.33 × 100). The following correction has been made to Section 4, Paragraph 2:

Estimated primary consolidation subsidence (PCS): Estimated PCS rates of the last 14 TGs are shown in col. 8 of Table 1, excluding TG CBBT where the compaction of aquifer systems is attributed to CIS. According to our approach, PCS values at the 10 TG locations range from 0.26 mm/year at TG Wachapreague, VA, to 0.75 mm/year at TG Lewisetta, VA. The average PCS is 0.38 mm/year during 1900 to 2023. The proportion of PCS relative to the total LS rate at top five locations are as follows: 26% at TG Lewisetta, VA; 24% at Yorktown, VA; 22% at Sewells Point, VA, and Dahlgren, VA; and 21% at TG Tolchester Beach, MD, respectively.

The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.