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Volume 16
Issue 12
10.3390/w16121742
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Article

The Impact of Climate Change on Glacial Lake Outburst Floods

by
Jiajia Gao
1,2,3,
Jun Du
2,*,
Yuxuan Bai
4,
Tao Chen
5 and
Yixi Zhuoma
5
1
Research Center for Ecology, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
2
Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric Environmental Science, Lhasa 850000, China
3
Xigazê National Climatological Observatory, Xigazê 857000, China
4
Nyingchi Meteorological Service, Nyingchi 860114, China
5
Climate Center of TIbet Autonmous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(12), 1742; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121742
Submission received: 26 April 2024 / Revised: 4 June 2024 / Accepted: 7 June 2024 / Published: 20 June 2024
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Abstract

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOF) hazards in alpine areas are increasing. The effects of climate change on GLOF hazards are unclear. This study examined 37 glacial lakes and climate data from 15 meteorological stations and explored the correlation between climate variations at different temporal scales. The results indicate that 19 GLOFs hazards occurred in El Niño (warm) years, 8 GLOFs hazards occurred in La Niña (cold) years, 3 GLOFs hazards occurred in cold/warm or warm/cold transition years, and 7 GLOFs hazards occurred in normal years. The higher the fluctuations, the higher the probability of GLOF hazards. Climatic conditions can be divided into three categories: extreme temperature and precipitation, as represented by the Guangxie Co GLOF; extreme precipitation, as represented by the Poge Co GLOF; and extreme temperature, as represented by the Tsho Ga GLOF.
Keywords: climate index; El Niño; La Niña; GLOF hazards; threshold value; Tibetan Plateau climate index; El Niño; La Niña; GLOF hazards; threshold value; Tibetan Plateau

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gao, J.; Du, J.; Bai, Y.; Chen, T.; Zhuoma, Y. The Impact of Climate Change on Glacial Lake Outburst Floods. Water 2024, 16, 1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121742

AMA Style

Gao J, Du J, Bai Y, Chen T, Zhuoma Y. The Impact of Climate Change on Glacial Lake Outburst Floods. Water. 2024; 16(12):1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121742

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gao, Jiajia, Jun Du, Yuxuan Bai, Tao Chen, and Yixi Zhuoma. 2024. "The Impact of Climate Change on Glacial Lake Outburst Floods" Water 16, no. 12: 1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121742

APA Style

Gao, J., Du, J., Bai, Y., Chen, T., & Zhuoma, Y. (2024). The Impact of Climate Change on Glacial Lake Outburst Floods. Water, 16(12), 1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121742

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