Comparative Experimental Study of Geotube Groins and Mixed Clay–Geotube Groins under Various Flow Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Setup and Measurement Equipment
2.2. Similarity Conditions and Scale Ratio
2.3. Selection of Model Sediment
2.4. Experimental Design
2.4.1. Groin Models
2.4.2. Measurement Point Configuration
2.4.3. Experimental Conditions
3. Results
3.1. Experimental Condition 1: Neap Tide Inflow
3.2. Experimental Condition 2: Spring Tide Inflow
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nomenclature of Scale Ratios | Symbols | Number |
---|---|---|
Planar scale ratio | λl | 80 |
Vertical scale ratio | λh | 80 |
Velocity scale ratio | λv | 8.94 |
Time scale ratio | λt | 8.94 |
Incipient velocity scale ratio | λvc | 8.94 |
Settling velocity scale ratio | λω | 8.94 |
Experiment Conditions | Experimental Flow Conditions | Representative Tidal Elevation Process | Tiered Tidal Elevation Process | Measurement Variables | Measurement Methodology |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
One | Neap tide inflow | Flood tide on 7 April | Figure 9 | Scouring at the head of the groin and sediment deposition downstream of the groin | High-precision topographic instrument; high-definition photography |
Two | Spring tide inflow | Flood tide on 1 April | Figure 10 |
Phase | Time Interval | Vp (m/s) | Hp (m) | Vm (cm/s) | Hm (cm) | T (min) | Q (L/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-flood period | 15:00–15:51 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 13.4 | 4.4 | 6 | 18 |
Rapid high-tide period | 15:51–16:32 | 2.5 | 4.53 | 28 | 5.7 | 6 | 48 |
16:32–17:36 | 2 | 5.11 | 22.4 | 6.4 | 7 | 43 | |
Slack-water period | 17:36–18:27 | 0.5 | 5.17 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 7 | 11 |
Phase | Time Interval | Vp (m/s) | Hp (m) | Vm (cm/s) | Hm (cm) | T (min) | Q (L/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-flood period | 12:00–12:30 | 1.5 | 4.76 | 16.8 | 5.9 | 4 | 30 |
Rapid high-tide period | 12:30–13:00 | 4 | 6.66 | 45 | 8.4 | 4 | 113.4 |
13:00–13:58 | 3 | 7.53 | 33.5 | 9.4 | 7 | 95 | |
Slack-water period | 13:58–15:00 | 0.8 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 10 | 7 | 26.7 |
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Tu, X.; Gao, H.; Fan, K.; Xu, J.; Li, J.; Xia, C.; Pang, X. Comparative Experimental Study of Geotube Groins and Mixed Clay–Geotube Groins under Various Flow Conditions. Water 2023, 15, 3844. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15213844
Tu X, Gao H, Fan K, Xu J, Li J, Xia C, Pang X. Comparative Experimental Study of Geotube Groins and Mixed Clay–Geotube Groins under Various Flow Conditions. Water. 2023; 15(21):3844. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15213844
Chicago/Turabian StyleTu, Xiaobing, Hongxiang Gao, Kejie Fan, Jiahao Xu, Jianxiong Li, Chunchen Xia, and Xinjie Pang. 2023. "Comparative Experimental Study of Geotube Groins and Mixed Clay–Geotube Groins under Various Flow Conditions" Water 15, no. 21: 3844. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15213844