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Article

A Model-Based Approach for Improving Surface Water Quality Management in Aquaculture Using MIKE 11: A Case of the Long Xuyen Quadangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam

by
Huynh Vuong Thu Minh
1,
Van Pham Dang Tri
2,
Vu Ngoc Ut
3,
Ram Avtar
4,
Pankaj Kumar
5,*,
Trinh Trung Tri Dang
6,
Au Van Hoa
3,
Tran Van Ty
7 and
Nigel K. Downes
1
1
Department of Water Resources, College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
2
Research Institute for Climate Change, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
3
College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
4
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
5
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Hayama 240-0115, Japan
6
Institute of Environmental Technology Sciences, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh 87000, Vietnam
7
College of Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2022, 14(3), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030412
Submission received: 19 November 2021 / Revised: 21 January 2022 / Accepted: 26 January 2022 / Published: 29 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Resource Management through the Lens of Planetary Health Approach)
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Abstract

This study utilized MIKE 11 to quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics of water quality parameters (Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and temperature) in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle area of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Calibrated for the year of 2019 and validated for the year of 2020, the developed model showed a significant agreement between the observed and simulated values of water quality parameters. Locations near to cage culture areas exhibited higher BOD5 values than sites close to pond/lagoon culture areas due to the effects of numerous point sources of pollution, including upstream wastewater and out-fluxes from residential and tourism activities in the surrounding areas, all of which had a direct impact on the quality of the surface water used for aquaculture. Moreover, as aquacultural effluents have intensified and dispersed over time, water quality in the surrounding water bodies has degraded. The findings suggest that the effective planning, assessment and management of rapidly expanding aquaculture sites should be improved, including more rigorous water quality monitoring, to ensure the long-term sustainable expansion and development of the aquacultural sector in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle in particular, and the Vietnamese Mekong Delta as a whole.
Keywords: EcoLab module; hydrodynamics modeling; surface water quality; one dimension; cage culture; pond/lagoon culture EcoLab module; hydrodynamics modeling; surface water quality; one dimension; cage culture; pond/lagoon culture

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MDPI and ACS Style

Thu Minh, H.V.; Tri, V.P.D.; Ut, V.N.; Avtar, R.; Kumar, P.; Dang, T.T.T.; Hoa, A.V.; Ty, T.V.; Downes, N.K. A Model-Based Approach for Improving Surface Water Quality Management in Aquaculture Using MIKE 11: A Case of the Long Xuyen Quadangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Water 2022, 14, 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030412

AMA Style

Thu Minh HV, Tri VPD, Ut VN, Avtar R, Kumar P, Dang TTT, Hoa AV, Ty TV, Downes NK. A Model-Based Approach for Improving Surface Water Quality Management in Aquaculture Using MIKE 11: A Case of the Long Xuyen Quadangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Water. 2022; 14(3):412. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030412

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thu Minh, Huynh Vuong, Van Pham Dang Tri, Vu Ngoc Ut, Ram Avtar, Pankaj Kumar, Trinh Trung Tri Dang, Au Van Hoa, Tran Van Ty, and Nigel K. Downes. 2022. "A Model-Based Approach for Improving Surface Water Quality Management in Aquaculture Using MIKE 11: A Case of the Long Xuyen Quadangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam" Water 14, no. 3: 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030412

APA Style

Thu Minh, H. V., Tri, V. P. D., Ut, V. N., Avtar, R., Kumar, P., Dang, T. T. T., Hoa, A. V., Ty, T. V., & Downes, N. K. (2022). A Model-Based Approach for Improving Surface Water Quality Management in Aquaculture Using MIKE 11: A Case of the Long Xuyen Quadangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Water, 14(3), 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030412

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