Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 001, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Petaling Jaya 31900, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Cidália Botelho
Water 2021, 13(7), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070980
Received: 13 February 2021 / Revised: 28 March 2021 / Accepted: 29 March 2021 / Published: 2 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
Industrial developments in the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and food sector have contributed to the large production of oily wastewater worldwide. Oily wastewater pollution affects drinking water and groundwater resources, endangers aquatic life and human health, causes atmospheric pollution, and affects crop production. Several traditional and conventional methods were widely reported, and the advantages and limitations were discussed. However, with the technology innovation, new trends of coupling between techniques, use of new materials, optimization of the cleaning process, and multiphysical approach present new paths for improvement. Despite these trends of improvement and the encouraging laboratory results of modern and green methods, many challenges remain to be raised, particularly the commercialization and the global aspect of these solutions and the reliability to reduce the system’s maintenance and operational cost. In this review, the well-known oily wastewater cleaning methods and approaches are being highlighted, and the obstacles faced in the practical use of these technologies are discussed. A critical review on the technologies and future direction as the road to commercialization is also presented to persevere water resources for the benefit of mankind and all living things.
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Keywords:
oil; wastewater; methods; emergent nanotechnology; commercialization; performance
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MDPI and ACS Style
Abuhasel, K.; Kchaou, M.; Alquraish, M.; Munusamy, Y.; Jeng, Y.T. Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities. Water 2021, 13, 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070980
AMA Style
Abuhasel K, Kchaou M, Alquraish M, Munusamy Y, Jeng YT. Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities. Water. 2021; 13(7):980. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070980
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbuhasel, Khaled; Kchaou, Mohamed; Alquraish, Mohammed; Munusamy, Yamuna; Jeng, Yong T. 2021. "Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities" Water 13, no. 7: 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070980
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