Moment Analysis for Modeling Soil Water Distribution in Furrow Irrigation: Variable vs. Constant Ponding Depths
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Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
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Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 87215, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Antonio Lo Porto
Water 2021, 13(10), 1415; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101415
Received: 17 April 2021
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Revised: 11 May 2021
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Accepted: 13 May 2021
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Published: 18 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
Despite increasing use of pressurized irrigation methods, most irrigation projects worldwide still involve surface systems. Accurate estimation of the amount of infiltrating water and its spatial distribution in the soil is of great importance in the design and management of furrow irrigation systems. Moment analysis has previously been applied to describe the subsurface water distribution using input data from numerical simulations rather than field measured data, and assuming a constant ponding depth in the furrow. A field experiment was conducted in a blocked-end level furrow at Maricopa Agricultural Center, Arizona, USA, to study the effect of time-variable ponding depths on soil water distribution and the resulting wetting bulb under real conditions in the field using moment analysis. The simulated volumetric soil water contents run with variable and constant (average) ponding depths using HYDRUS 2D/3D were almost identical, and both compared favorably with the field data. Hence, only the simulated soil water contents with variable ponding depths were used to calculate the moments. It was concluded that the fluctuating flow depth had no significant influence on the resulting time-evolving ellipses. This was related to the negligible 10-cm variation in ponding depths compared to the high negative matric potential of the unsaturated soil.
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Keywords:
furrow irrigation; HYDRUS; moment analysis; soil water; variable ponding depths
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kazemi, H.; Sadraddini, A.A.; Nazemi, A.H.; Sanchez, C.A. Moment Analysis for Modeling Soil Water Distribution in Furrow Irrigation: Variable vs. Constant Ponding Depths. Water 2021, 13, 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101415
AMA Style
Kazemi H, Sadraddini AA, Nazemi AH, Sanchez CA. Moment Analysis for Modeling Soil Water Distribution in Furrow Irrigation: Variable vs. Constant Ponding Depths. Water. 2021; 13(10):1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101415
Chicago/Turabian StyleKazemi, Honeyeh, Ali Ashraf Sadraddini, Amir Hossein Nazemi, and Charles A Sanchez. 2021. "Moment Analysis for Modeling Soil Water Distribution in Furrow Irrigation: Variable vs. Constant Ponding Depths" Water 13, no. 10: 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101415
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