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Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/w13101367
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Article

Pre-Messinian Deposits of the Mediterranean Ridge: Biostratigraphic and Geochemical Evidence from the Olimpi Mud Volcano Field

by
Anastasios Nikitas
1,2,3,
Maria V. Triantaphyllou
1,*,
Grigoris Rousakis
2,
Ioannis Panagiotopoulos
1,2,
Nikolaos Pasadakis
4,
Ioannis Hatzianestis
2 and
Alexandra Gogou
2
1
Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Zografou, Greece
2
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Greece
3
School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
4
Institute of Petroleum Research (IPR)—FORTH, University Campus, 73100 Chania, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Serafeim E. Poulos, Vasilios Kapsimalis and Ioannis P. Panagiotopoulos
Water 2021, 13(10), 1367; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101367
Received: 13 March 2021 / Revised: 8 May 2021 / Accepted: 10 May 2021 / Published: 14 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal and Continental Shelf Dynamics in a Changing Climate)
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Abstract

This study presents the results derived from micropaleontological and organic geochemical analyses of mud breccia samples obtained (through gravity coring) from five mud volcanoes (Gelendzhik, Heraklion, Moscow, Milano, Leipzig) located at the Olimpi mud volcano field on the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary complex. A thorough calcareous nannofossil semi-quantitative analysis was performed to determine the biostratigraphic assignment of the deep-seated source strata. Mudstone/shale clasts of different stratigraphic levels were identified and assigned to the Miocene nannofossil biozones CNM10, CNM8–9, CNM7, CNM6–7, and Oligocene CNO4/CNO5. A single mudstone clast from the Gelendzhik plateau, assigned to the biozone CNM10, demonstrated unique micropaleontological and geochemical characteristics, suggesting a sapropelic origin. Subsequently, the total organic carbon (TOC) content and thermal maturity of the collected mud breccias was evaluated using the Rock-Eval pyrolysis technique, and their oil and gas potential was estimated. The pyrolyzed sediments were both organic rich and organic poor (TOC >0.5% or <0.5%, respectively), with their organic matter showing characteristics of the type III kerogen that consists of adequate hydrogen to be gas generative, but insufficient hydrogen to be oil prone. However, the organic matter of the late Serravallian (CNM10) sapropelic mudstone was found to consist of a mixed type II/III kerogen, implying an oil-prone source rock. View Full-Text
Keywords: mud breccia; calcareous nannofossil analysis; biozone; Rock-Eval pyrolysis; offshore southern Crete Island mud breccia; calcareous nannofossil analysis; biozone; Rock-Eval pyrolysis; offshore southern Crete Island
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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MDPI and ACS Style

Nikitas, A.; Triantaphyllou, M.V.; Rousakis, G.; Panagiotopoulos, I.; Pasadakis, N.; Hatzianestis, I.; Gogou, A. Pre-Messinian Deposits of the Mediterranean Ridge: Biostratigraphic and Geochemical Evidence from the Olimpi Mud Volcano Field. Water 2021, 13, 1367. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101367

AMA Style

Nikitas A, Triantaphyllou MV, Rousakis G, Panagiotopoulos I, Pasadakis N, Hatzianestis I, Gogou A. Pre-Messinian Deposits of the Mediterranean Ridge: Biostratigraphic and Geochemical Evidence from the Olimpi Mud Volcano Field. Water. 2021; 13(10):1367. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101367

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nikitas, Anastasios, Maria V. Triantaphyllou, Grigoris Rousakis, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Nikolaos Pasadakis, Ioannis Hatzianestis, and Alexandra Gogou. 2021. "Pre-Messinian Deposits of the Mediterranean Ridge: Biostratigraphic and Geochemical Evidence from the Olimpi Mud Volcano Field" Water 13, no. 10: 1367. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101367

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