An Integrated Simulation, Inference and Optimization Approach for Groundwater Remediation with Two-Stage Health-Risk Assessment
1
Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
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Huzhou Port and Shipping Authority, Nanhua Road No.106, Huzhou 313000, China
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Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
4
College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2018, 10(6), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10060694
Received: 24 February 2018 / Revised: 3 May 2018 / Accepted: 20 May 2018 / Published: 26 May 2018
(This article belongs to the Section Water Resources Management and Governance)
In this study, an integrated simulation, inference and optimization approach with two-stage health risk assessment (i.e., ISIO-THRA) is developed for supporting groundwater remediation for a petroleum-contaminated site in western Canada. Both environmental standards and health risk are considered as the constraints in the ISIO-THRA model. The health risk includes two parts: (1) the health risk during the remediation process and (2) the health risk in the natural attenuation period after remediation. In the ISIO-THRA framework, the relationship between contaminant concentrations and time is expressed through first-order decay models. The results demonstrate that: (1) stricter environmental standards and health risk would require larger pumping rates for the same remediation duration; (2) higher health risk may happen in the period of the remediation process; (3) for the same environmental standard and acceptable health-risk level, the remediation techniques that take the shortest time would be chosen. ISIO-THRA can help to systematically analyze interaction among contaminant transport, remediation duration, and environmental and health concerns, and further provide useful supportive information for decision makers.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yang, A.; Yang, Q.; Fan, Y.; Suo, M.; Fu, H.; Liu, J.; Lin, X. An Integrated Simulation, Inference and Optimization Approach for Groundwater Remediation with Two-Stage Health-Risk Assessment. Water 2018, 10, 694.
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