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Volume 16
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10.3390/genes16050497
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Article

Interaction Between Dietary Fiber Intake and MTNR1B rs10830963 Polymorphism on Glycemic Profiles in Young Brazilian Adults

by
Ana Carolina da Silva Lima
1,†,
Nathália Teixeira Cruvinel
1,†,
Nara Rubia da Silva
1,
Marcela Moraes Mendes
1,
Amélia Cristina Stival Duarte
1,2,
Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho
3,
Karani S. Vimaleswaran
4,5,* and
Maria Aderuza Horst
1,*
1
Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74605-080, GO, Brazil
2
Health Research Coordination, Organization: State Department of Health from Goiás (SES-GO), Goiânia 74853-070, GO, Brazil
3
School of Agronomy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil
4
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
5
The Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Genes 2025, 16(5), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050497
Submission received: 29 March 2025 / Revised: 25 April 2025 / Accepted: 25 April 2025 / Published: 27 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Human Genomics and Genetic Diseases)
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Abstract

Background/Objective: The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10830963 in the melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) gene influences insulin secretion and glucose metabolism and has been associated with an increased risk of type-2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the interaction between dietary intake and the MTNR1B rs10830963 polymorphism on glycemic profiles in young Brazilian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 200 healthy young adults (19–24 years), evaluating the MTNR1B rs10830963 genotype, anthropometric parameters, glycemic markers (fasting insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β), and dietary intake via three 24 h dietary recalls. Genotype–diet interactions were tested using multivariate linear regression models adjusted for confounders. Results: The carriers of the G allele exhibited a positive association with fasting insulin levels (p = 0.003), insulin/glucose ratio (p = 0.004), HOMA-IR (p = 0.003), and HOMA-β (p = 0.018). Energy-adjusted fiber intake showed a significant genotype-specific interaction only in carriers of the G allele, where higher dietary fiber intake was significantly associated with lower fasting insulin (pinteraction = 0.034) and HOMA-IR (pinteraction = 0.028). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the MTNR1B rs10830963 polymorphism is associated with glycemic markers, and dietary fiber intake may attenuate the adverse effects of the MTNR1B rs10830963 G allele on glycemic profiles in young Brazilian adults. This highlights the potential role of fiber in improving health outcomes for individuals carrying this risk allele. To validate these results and assess the broader implications for the Brazilian population, further intervention studies and larger-scale research are essential.
Keywords: food intake; glycemia; fiber; nutrigenetics; precision nutrition food intake; glycemia; fiber; nutrigenetics; precision nutrition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lima, A.C.d.S.; Cruvinel, N.T.; Silva, N.R.d.; Mendes, M.M.; Duarte, A.C.S.; Coelho, A.S.G.; Vimaleswaran, K.S.; Horst, M.A. Interaction Between Dietary Fiber Intake and MTNR1B rs10830963 Polymorphism on Glycemic Profiles in Young Brazilian Adults. Genes 2025, 16, 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050497

AMA Style

Lima ACdS, Cruvinel NT, Silva NRd, Mendes MM, Duarte ACS, Coelho ASG, Vimaleswaran KS, Horst MA. Interaction Between Dietary Fiber Intake and MTNR1B rs10830963 Polymorphism on Glycemic Profiles in Young Brazilian Adults. Genes. 2025; 16(5):497. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050497

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lima, Ana Carolina da Silva, Nathália Teixeira Cruvinel, Nara Rubia da Silva, Marcela Moraes Mendes, Amélia Cristina Stival Duarte, Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho, Karani S. Vimaleswaran, and Maria Aderuza Horst. 2025. "Interaction Between Dietary Fiber Intake and MTNR1B rs10830963 Polymorphism on Glycemic Profiles in Young Brazilian Adults" Genes 16, no. 5: 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050497

APA Style

Lima, A. C. d. S., Cruvinel, N. T., Silva, N. R. d., Mendes, M. M., Duarte, A. C. S., Coelho, A. S. G., Vimaleswaran, K. S., & Horst, M. A. (2025). Interaction Between Dietary Fiber Intake and MTNR1B rs10830963 Polymorphism on Glycemic Profiles in Young Brazilian Adults. Genes, 16(5), 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050497

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