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Volume 12
Issue 5
10.3390/genes12050727
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Review

The ATM Gene in Breast Cancer: Its Relevance in Clinical Practice

by
Luigia Stefania Stucci
1,*,
Valeria Internò
1,
Marco Tucci
1,2,
Martina Perrone
1,
Francesco Mannavola
1,
Raffaele Palmirotta
3 and
Camillo Porta
1
1
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
2
National Cancer Research Center, Tumori Institute IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II, 70121 Bari, Italy
3
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Sciences and Technologies of Laboratory Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2021, 12(5), 727; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12050727
Submission received: 19 April 2021 / Revised: 9 May 2021 / Accepted: 10 May 2021 / Published: 13 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Genetics: Diagnostic and Treatment)
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Abstract

Molecular alterations of the Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) gene are frequently detected in breast cancer (BC), with an incidence ranging up to 40%. The mutated form, the Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, is involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and telomere maintenance, and its role as a risk factor for cancer development is well established. Recent studies have confirmed that some variants of ATM are associated with an increased risk of BC development and a worse prognosis. Thus, many patients harboring ATM mutations develop intermediate- and high-grade disease, and there is a higher rate of lymph node metastatic involvement. The evidence concerning a correlation of ATM gene mutations and the efficacy of therapeutic strategies in BC management are controversial. In fact, ATM mutations may sensitize cancer cells to platinum-derived drugs, as BRCA1/2 mutations do, whereas their implications in objective responses to hormonal therapy or target-based agents are not well defined. Herein, we conducted a review of the role of ATM gene mutations in BC development, prognosis, and different treatment strategies.
Keywords: ATM gene; breast cancer; risk; outcome; treatment ATM gene; breast cancer; risk; outcome; treatment
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MDPI and ACS Style

Stucci, L.S.; Internò, V.; Tucci, M.; Perrone, M.; Mannavola, F.; Palmirotta, R.; Porta, C. The ATM Gene in Breast Cancer: Its Relevance in Clinical Practice. Genes 2021, 12, 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12050727

AMA Style

Stucci LS, Internò V, Tucci M, Perrone M, Mannavola F, Palmirotta R, Porta C. The ATM Gene in Breast Cancer: Its Relevance in Clinical Practice. Genes. 2021; 12(5):727. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12050727

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stucci, Luigia Stefania, Valeria Internò, Marco Tucci, Martina Perrone, Francesco Mannavola, Raffaele Palmirotta, and Camillo Porta. 2021. "The ATM Gene in Breast Cancer: Its Relevance in Clinical Practice" Genes 12, no. 5: 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12050727

APA Style

Stucci, L. S., Internò, V., Tucci, M., Perrone, M., Mannavola, F., Palmirotta, R., & Porta, C. (2021). The ATM Gene in Breast Cancer: Its Relevance in Clinical Practice. Genes, 12(5), 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12050727

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