Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection

Toffolatti, Silvia Laura; De Lorenzis, Gabriella; Brilli, Matteo; Moser, Mirko; Shariati, Vahid; Tavakol, Elahe; Maddalena, Giuliana; Passera, Alessandro; Casati, Paola; Pindo, Massimo; Cestaro, Alessandro; Maghradze, David; Failla, Osvaldo; Bianco, Piero Attilio; Quaglino, Fabio

doi:10.3390/genes11030261

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Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection

Silvia Laura Toffolatti

^1,*,

Gabriella De Lorenzis

^1,*,

⁴,

⁵,

¹,

³,

³,

^6,7

and

Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali (DISAA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano Italy

Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy

Fondazione E. Mach, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy

⁴

NIGEB Genome Center, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 14965/161 Tehran, Iran

⁵

Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 65186-71441 Shiraz, Iran

⁶

Scientific - Research Center of Agriculture, Marshal Gelovani Avenue 6, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia

⁷

Faculty of Viticulture and Winemaking, Caucasus International University, Chargali Street 73, 0141 Tbilisi, Georgia

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Genes 2020, 11(3), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030261

Received: 5 February 2020 / Revised: 25 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 February 2020 / Published: 28 February 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Diversity of Grapevine)

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Abstract

Mgaloblishvili, a Vitis vinifera cultivar, exhibits unique resistance traits against Plasmopara viticola, the downy mildew agent. This offers the unique opportunity of exploring the molecular responses in compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interaction. In this study, whole transcriptomes of Mgaloblishvili, Pinot noir (a V. vinifera susceptible cultivar), and Bianca (a resistant hybrid) leaves, inoculated and non-inoculated with the pathogen, were used to identify P. viticola effector-encoding genes and plant susceptibility/resistance genes. Multiple effector-encoding genes were identified in P. viticola transcriptome, with remarkable expression differences in relation to the inoculated grapevine cultivar. Intriguingly, five apoplastic effectors specifically associated with resistance in V. vinifera. Gene coexpression network analysis identified specific modules and metabolic changes occurring during infection in the three grapevine cultivars. Analysis of these data allowed, for the first time, the detection in V. vinifera of a putative P. viticola susceptibility gene, encoding a LOB domain-containing protein. Finally, the de novo assembly of Mgaloblishvili, Pinot noir, and Bianca transcriptomes and their comparison highlighted novel candidate genes that might be at the basis of the resistant phenotype. These results open the way to functional analysis studies and to new perspectives in molecular breeding of grapevine for resistance to P. viticola. View Full-Text

Keywords: plant–pathogen interaction; disease resistance and susceptibility; oomycete effectors; susceptibility genes; resistance genes; transcriptome; RNA-seq

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Toffolatti, S.L.; De Lorenzis, G.; Brilli, M.; Moser, M.; Shariati, V.; Tavakol, E.; Maddalena, G.; Passera, A.; Casati, P.; Pindo, M.; Cestaro, A.; Maghradze, D.; Failla, O.; Bianco, P.A.; Quaglino, F. Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection. Genes 2020, 11, 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030261

AMA Style

Toffolatti SL, De Lorenzis G, Brilli M, Moser M, Shariati V, Tavakol E, Maddalena G, Passera A, Casati P, Pindo M, Cestaro A, Maghradze D, Failla O, Bianco PA, Quaglino F. Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection. Genes. 2020; 11(3):261. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030261

Chicago/Turabian Style

Toffolatti, Silvia Laura, Gabriella De Lorenzis, Matteo Brilli, Mirko Moser, Vahid Shariati, Elahe Tavakol, Giuliana Maddalena, Alessandro Passera, Paola Casati, Massimo Pindo, Alessandro Cestaro, David Maghradze, Osvaldo Failla, Piero Attilio Bianco, and Fabio Quaglino. 2020. "Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection" Genes 11, no. 3: 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030261

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Novel Aspects on The Interaction Between Grapevine and Plasmopara viticola: Dual-RNA-Seq Analysis Highlights Gene Expression Dynamics in The Pathogen and The Plant During The Battle For Infection

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