Role of Intestinal Dysbiosis and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. What Is the Gut Microbiome?
2.1. Development of the Gut Microbiome
2.2. Gut Microbiome Function
3. Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis
3.1. Experimental Animal Models
3.2. CIA Model
3.3. SKG Model
3.4. K/BxN Model
3.5. IL1rn -/- Model
4. Human RA Studies
5. Rheumatoid Arthritis and Nutrition
5.1. Mediterranean Diet
5.2. Dietary Regimens
5.3. Other Dietary Factors
6. Therapeutics Targeted toward Dysbiosis
6.1. Probiotics
6.2. Fermented Food
6.3. Microbiome-Derived Metabolites
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Phylum | Class | Order |
---|---|---|
Firmicutes | Clostridia | Clostridiales |
Bacilli | Lactobacillales | |
Erysipheoltrichia | Erisophelotrichales | |
Negativicutes | Selenomonadales | |
Veillonellales | ||
Bacteroidetes | Bacteroidia | Bacteroidales |
Actinobacteria | Coriobacteria | Coriobacteriales |
Eggerthellales | ||
Actinobacteria | Bifidobacteriales | |
Fusobacteria | Fusobacteria | Fusobacteriales |
Proteobacteria | Gammaproteobacteria | Enterobacteriales |
Aeromonadales |
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Attur, M.; Scher, J.U.; Abramson, S.B.; Attur, M. Role of Intestinal Dysbiosis and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2022, 11, 2436. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152436
Attur M, Scher JU, Abramson SB, Attur M. Role of Intestinal Dysbiosis and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells. 2022; 11(15):2436. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152436
Chicago/Turabian StyleAttur, Malavikalakshmi, Jose U Scher, Steven B. Abramson, and Mukundan Attur. 2022. "Role of Intestinal Dysbiosis and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis" Cells 11, no. 15: 2436. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152436