Deciphering the Symbiotic Plant Microbiome: Translating the Most Recent Discoveries on Rhizobia for the Improvement of Agricultural Practices in Metal-Contaminated and High Saline Lands
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Need for Rhizobial Inoculants
3. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobia in Saline and Harsh Soil
4. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobia in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil
5. Development of Rhizobial Inoculants
6. Inoculant Combinations and Phenomic Strategies for Improving Crop Yield
7. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strain | Isolation Conditions | Crop | Effect/Action Mechanism | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site | Metal Contamination | ||||
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiensUSDA110 | Ref. strain | As | Soybean | Limits metalloid translocation and accumulation in edible parts of the legume | [151] |
Bradyrhizobium sp. Per 3.61 | Nodules of soybeans | As | |||
A. brasilense Az39 | As | Soybean | Enhances growth of the plant and phytostabilization of As when co-inoculated | [156] | |
B. japonicum E109 | As | ||||
Sinorhizobium sp. Pb002 | Rhizospere of Brassica juncea | Cd | Brassica juncea | Increases plant survival and lead uptake | [159] |
Bradyrhizobium sp. (vigna) RM8 | Nodules of greengram | Ni, Zn | Greengram | Increases the number of nodules on the plant, as well as IAA and siderophore production | [163] |
Rhizobium sp. RP5 | |||||
Bradyrhizobium sp. | Nodules of Glycine max | Cd | Glycine max | Increases mineral nutrient uptake (Fe) and reduces cadmium accumulation in the plant | [166] |
Rhizobium leguminosarum (LR-30), Mesorhizobium ciceri (CR.30 and CR-39) and Rhizobium phaseoli (MR-2) | Lens culinaris L., Vigna radiata L., Cicer aretinum L. | Wheat (Triticum aestivum) | Improves plant growth, biomass, and drought stress through production of catalase, IAA, and exopolysaccharides under PEG-6000 simulated drought conditions | [170] | |
Strain | Isolation conditions | Crop | Effect/Mechanism of action | Reference | |
Azospirillum Sp245 | Surface-sterilized wheat roots of (Brazil) [171] | Lattuce (L.sativa L.) | Promotes aerial biomass, higher ascorbic acid content accompanied by a lower oxidation rate, better overall visual quality due to higher chlorophyll content, hue, Chroma, L and lower browning intensity | [172] | |
Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419 | Nodules of Medicago murex | Medicago truncatula | Delays stress-induced leaf senescence and abscission and nutrient acquisition during drought stress | [173] | |
Sinorhizobium meliloti A2 strains | Commercial strain, Eastern Canada [174] | Medicago sativa cv Apica, Medicago sativa cv Halo | Increases shoot/root ratio, shoot water content, and the concentrations of starch and pinitol in nodules | [175] | |
Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1521 | Ottawa vicinity [176] | ||||
Rhizobium etli CE3 overexpressing trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene | CFN42 derivate [177], original isolate from P. vulgaris nodule | P. vulgaris var. Negro Jamapa | Enhances drought tolerance due to upregulation of genes involved in stress tolerance, carbon and nitrogen metabolism by trehalose | [107] | |
Co-inoculation | Crop | Effect/Mechanism of action | Reference | ||
Rhizobia | PGPRs | ||||
Rhizobium phaseoli M6; M9. phaseoli M6 and M9 and PGPR | Pseudomonas syringae, Mk1; Pseudomonas fluorescens Mk20; Pseudomonas fluorescens biot. G Mk25 | Vigna radiata L. | Decreases damaging effect of salinity stress on mung bean growth | [116] |
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Bellabarba, A.; Fagorzi, C.; diCenzo, G.C.; Pini, F.; Viti, C.; Checcucci, A. Deciphering the Symbiotic Plant Microbiome: Translating the Most Recent Discoveries on Rhizobia for the Improvement of Agricultural Practices in Metal-Contaminated and High Saline Lands. Agronomy 2019, 9, 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090529
Bellabarba A, Fagorzi C, diCenzo GC, Pini F, Viti C, Checcucci A. Deciphering the Symbiotic Plant Microbiome: Translating the Most Recent Discoveries on Rhizobia for the Improvement of Agricultural Practices in Metal-Contaminated and High Saline Lands. Agronomy. 2019; 9(9):529. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090529
Chicago/Turabian StyleBellabarba, Agnese, Camilla Fagorzi, George C. diCenzo, Francesco Pini, Carlo Viti, and Alice Checcucci. 2019. "Deciphering the Symbiotic Plant Microbiome: Translating the Most Recent Discoveries on Rhizobia for the Improvement of Agricultural Practices in Metal-Contaminated and High Saline Lands" Agronomy 9, no. 9: 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090529