Yield Response of Native Warm-Season Forage Grasses to Harvest Intervals and Durations in Mixed Stands
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Forage Yield per Plant
2.1.1. Species Cumulative In-Season Yield
Harvest interval (days) | Yield June–September 2008 | Yield June–September 2009 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y108‡ | Y207 | P > Fα§ | Y109 | Y208 | p > Fα | |
g plant−1 | g plant−1 | |||||
Indiangrass | ||||||
120 (2)¶ | 105 | 62 | 0.29 | 111 A# | 39 B | 0.01 |
90 (2) | 87 | 69 | 0.57 | 105 | 50 | 0.26 |
60 (3) | 167 | 73 | 0.05 | 99 | 58 | 0.16 |
40 (4) | 108 | 76 | 0.23 | 70 | 47 | 0.25 |
30 (5) | 105 | 88 | 0.55 | 78 A | 36 B | 0.04 |
CV | 48 | 65 | 59 | 54 | ||
p > Fα | 0.23 | 0.94 | 0.73 | 0.63 | ||
Little bluestem | ||||||
120 (2) | 16 | 37 | 0.27 | 25 A | 6 B | 0.03 |
90 (2) | 21 | 10 | 0.28 | 11 | 7 | 0.33 |
60 (3) | 17 | 23 | 0.30 | 21 A | 5 B | 0.05 |
40 (4) | 28 | 33 | 0.37 | 18 | 9 | 0.40 |
30 (5) | 44 | 38 | 0.64 | 12 | 9 | 0.48 |
CV | 61 | 66 | 79 | 82 | ||
p > Fα | 0.06 | 0.14 | 0.45 | 0.68 |
2.1.2. Species Post-Season Recovery Yield
Harvest interval (days) | May 2008 | May 2009 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y108‡ | Y207 | p > Fα§ | Y109 | Y208 | p > Fα | |
g plant−1 | g plant−1 | |||||
Indiangrass | ||||||
120 (2)¶ | 235 | 117 | 0.05 | 92 A# | 9 B | 0.01 |
90 (2) | 209 | 93 | 0.08 | 79 A | 16 B | <0.01 |
60 (3) | 212 A | 111 B | 0.04 | 108 A | 22 B | <0.01 |
40 (4) | 250 | 115 | 0.07 | 70 A | 12 B | 0.01 |
30 (5) | 185 A | 94 B | 0.01 | 115 A | 10 B | <0.01 |
CV | 47 | 43 | 41 | 64 | ||
p > Fα | 0.874 | 0.862 | 0.3212 | 0.17 | ||
Little bluestem | ||||||
120 (2) | 96 | 118 | 0.40 | 52 A | 2 B | 0.02 |
90 (2) | 137 A | 68 B | <0.01 | 52 A | 4 B | 0.02 |
60 (3) | 123 A | 78 B | 0.01 | 62 A | 2 B | 0.02 |
40 (4) | 123 | 89 | 0.08 | 63 A | 3 B | 0.01 |
30 (5) | 149 A | 87 B | 0.04 | 66 A | 4 B | 0.02 |
CV | 23 | 36 | 72 | 106 | ||
p > Fα | 0.09 | 0.18 | 0.97 | 0.75 |
Interval harvests (days) | First, second and third year plots in 2009 | Second vs. third year plots in 2010 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y109§ | Y208 | Y307 | CV | p > Fα | Y209 | Y308 | CV | p > Fα | |
g plant−1 | g plant−1 | ||||||||
Indiangrass | |||||||||
120 (2)# | 92 A†† | 9 B | 23 B | 78 | <0.01 | 21 | 18 | 40 | 0.64 |
90 (2) | 79 A | 16 B | 15 B | 47 | <0.01 | 16 | 19 | 61 | 0.45 |
60 (3) | 108 A | 22 B | 28 B | 32 | <0.01 | 23 | 19 | 39 | 0.44 |
40 (4) | 70 A | 12 B | 20 B | 64 | <0.01 | 13 | 21 | 31 | 0.05 |
30 (5) | 115 A | 10 B | 18 B | 54 | <0.01 | 13 | 13 | 36 | 0.88 |
CV | 41 | 64 | 53 | 44 | 42 | ||||
p > Fα | 0.32 | 0.17 | 0.41 | 0.17 | 0.62 | ||||
Little bluestem | |||||||||
120 (2) | 52 A | 2 B | 4 B | 116 | 0.01 | 3 | 4 | 83 | 0.82 |
90 (2) | 52 A | 4 B | 4 B | 111 | 0.01 | 4 | 2 | 128 | 0.59 |
60 (3) | 62 A | 2 B | 3 B | 124 | 0.01 | 2 | 3 | 95 | 0.56 |
40 (4) | 63 A | 3 B | 4 B | 100 | <0.01 | 2 | 4 | 69 | 0.14 |
30 (5) | 66 A | 4 B | 2 B | 114 | 0.01 | 2 | 3 | 53 | 0.25 |
CV | 72 | 106 | 69 | 129 | 77 | ||||
p > Fα | 0.97 | 0.75 | 0.67 | 0.81 | 0.80 |
2.1.3. Implied Species Yield Sustainability
2.2. Forage Yield per Area
2.2.1. Cumulative Whole-Plot Yield
Harvest interval (days) | Yield June–September 2008 | Yield June–September 2009 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y108‡ | Y207 | p > Fα§ | Y109 | Y208 | p > Fα | |
kg ha−1 | kg ha−1 | |||||
120 (2)¶ | 4094 b # | 3433 b | 0.83 | 4270 | 2834 | 0.14 |
90 (2) | 3760 b | 3111 b | 0.48 | 4813 A | 3495 B | 0.02 |
60 (3) | 5115 b | 4161 b | 0.52 | 4030 A | 2759 B | 0.03 |
40 (4) | 6325 ab | 5053 ab | 0.26 | 3411 | 2823 | 0.44 |
30 (5) | 8472 a | 7627 a | 0.67 | 4219 A | 2395 B | 0.02 |
CV | 42 | 47 | 25 | 36 | ||
p > Fα | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.57 |
2.2.2. Post-Season Whole-Plot Recovery
Harvest interval (days) | Mid-May 2008 | Mid-May 2009 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y108§ | Y207 | p > Fα¶ | Y109 | Y208 | p > Fα | |
kg ha−1 | kg ha−1 | |||||
120 (2)# | 4596 | 2813 | 0.0609 | 4198 A | 1330 B | 0.0062 |
90 (2) | 5184 A†† | 2049 B | 0.0050 | 3315 A | 1401 B | 0.0005 |
60 (3) | 5342 A | 2541 B | 0.0001 | 3309 A | 1107 B | 0.0002 |
40 (4) | 5284 A | 1849 B | 0.0023 | 3481 A | 1136 B | 0.0046 |
30 (5) | 4364 A | 1800 B | 0.0015 | 3675 A | 809 B | 0.0001 |
CV | 26 | 39 | 31 | 30 | ||
p > Fα | 0.661 | 0.295 | 0.707 | 0.106 |
2.2.3. Implications on Yield Sustainability
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Study Location and Field Layout
3.2. Measurements of Forage Yield
3.3. Data Analyses
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Temu, V.W.; Rude, B.J.; Baldwin, B.S. Yield Response of Native Warm-Season Forage Grasses to Harvest Intervals and Durations in Mixed Stands. Agronomy 2014, 4, 90-107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy4010090
Temu VW, Rude BJ, Baldwin BS. Yield Response of Native Warm-Season Forage Grasses to Harvest Intervals and Durations in Mixed Stands. Agronomy. 2014; 4(1):90-107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy4010090
Chicago/Turabian StyleTemu, Vitalis W., Brian J. Rude, and Brian S. Baldwin. 2014. "Yield Response of Native Warm-Season Forage Grasses to Harvest Intervals and Durations in Mixed Stands" Agronomy 4, no. 1: 90-107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy4010090
APA StyleTemu, V. W., Rude, B. J., & Baldwin, B. S. (2014). Yield Response of Native Warm-Season Forage Grasses to Harvest Intervals and Durations in Mixed Stands. Agronomy, 4(1), 90-107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy4010090