Baseline for Brassica carinata Components of Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Southern South America
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection, Experiments, and Crop Management
2.2. Nutrient-Use Efficiency Indices
2.3. Data Analysis
2.4. Climate Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Crop Productivity
3.2. Nitrogen-Use Efficiency
3.3. Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency
3.4. Nitrogen-Utilization Efficiency
4. Discussion
4.1. Productive Characterization: Comparison with Other Regions of the World
4.2. Nitrogen-Use Efficiency
4.3. Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency
4.4. Nitrogen-Utilization Efficiency, Efficiency Components, and Seed Quality
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | BBCH 12 * | BBCH 30 * | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | S | N | S | N | S | |
kg ha−1 | ||||||
control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 20 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
3 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 0 | 40 | 20 |
4 | 20 | 20 | 60 | 0 | 80 | 20 |
5 | 20 | 20 | 60 | 10 | 80 | 30 |
6 | 80 | 20 | 20 | 10 | 100 | 30 |
7 | 40 | 30 | 80 | 0 | 120 | 30 |
8 | 40 | 30 | 120 | 0 | 160 | 30 |
Year | 2016 | 2017 | 2016 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Farm | Don Belimirio | Don Vital | Tres Aguas | Las Cumbres | La Carolina | Don Luis | Las Cumbres II | Mean |
YSEED (Mg ha−1) | ||||||||
Mean | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.3 |
SD | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Max | 3.6 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.5 |
Min | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.2 |
ABTOTAL (Mg ha−1) | ||||||||
Mean | 9.1 | 12.1 | 6.9 | 10.9 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 9.7 |
SD | 1.9 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Max | 1.2 | 16.7 | 12.0 | 16.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 12.6 |
Min | 5.3 | 6.9 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 5.7 |
HI | ||||||||
Mean | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.23 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
Max | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.30 |
Min | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.17 |
PC (g kg−1) | ||||||||
Mean | 209 | 202 | 205 | 227 | 232 | 215 | 278 | 224 |
SD | 14.2 | 20.2 | 10.2 | 16.6 | 9.54 | 11.4 | 20.1 | 15 |
Max | 240 | 241 | 222 | 246 | 252 | 245 | 324 | 253 |
Min | 186 | 137 | 183 | 186 | 216 | 196 | 237 | 192 |
OC (g kg−1) | ||||||||
Mean | 485 | 478 | 467 | 514 | 503 | 531 | 439 | 488 |
SD | 13.9 | 10.6 | 16 | 12.2 | 11.9 | 15.3 | 31.9 | 16 |
Max | 514 | 496 | 496 | 535 | 525 | 556 | 496 | 517 |
Min | 450 | 460 | 438 | 494 | 483 | 500 | 358 | 455 |
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Bonansea, S.; Ernst, O.R.; Mazzilli, S.R. Baseline for Brassica carinata Components of Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Southern South America. Agronomy 2023, 13, 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020412
Bonansea S, Ernst OR, Mazzilli SR. Baseline for Brassica carinata Components of Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Southern South America. Agronomy. 2023; 13(2):412. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020412
Chicago/Turabian StyleBonansea, Sebastián, Oswaldo R. Ernst, and Sebastián R. Mazzilli. 2023. "Baseline for Brassica carinata Components of Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Southern South America" Agronomy 13, no. 2: 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020412