Assessment of Resistance Mechanisms to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials
2.2. FAW Larvae Colony
2.3. Plants Used in the Laboratory Experiment
2.4. Plants Used in the Net House Experiment
2.5. Antibiosis Assessment under Laboratory Conditions
2.6. Antibiosis Assessment under Net House Conditions
2.7. Antixenosis Assessment under Laboratory Conditions
2.8. Data Analyses
- − For antibiosis assessments
- − For antixenosis assessments
3. Results
3.1. Antibiosis Assessments
3.2. Antixenosis Assessments on Leaves
3.2.1. Binary Choice Tests
3.2.2. Multiple Choice Tests
3.3. Antixenosis Assessments on Maize Silks and Grains
3.3.1. Binary Choice Tests
3.3.2. Multiple Choice Tests
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inbred Line | Larval Development Time n = 62–82 | Larval Survival n = 103–116 | Sex Ratio n = 11–15 | Weight of the Male Pupae n = 44–61 | Weight of the Female Pupae n = 38–61 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mp716 | 17.7 ± 0.1 a | 82.7 ± 0.03 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | 197.2 ± 3.2 a | 188.3 ± 3.1 |
CML71 | 17.7 ± 0.1 a | 73.3 ± 0.04 | 0.5 ± 0.08 | 191.6 ± 4.3 a | 186.4 ± 5.0 |
CKSBL10008 | 17.9 ± 0.1 a | 80.3 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.04 | 197.1 ± 4.2 a | 181.4 ± 2.0 |
CML125 | 17.0 ± 0.00 b | 73.4 ± 0.04 | 0.6 ± 0.09 | 191.8 ± 3.8 a | 187.0 ± 3.2 |
CML370 | 17.1 ± 0.1 b | 82.7 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 201.9 ± 3.5 ab | 178.5 ± 2.9 |
CKSBL10025 | 17.2 ± 0.1 b | 77.9 ± 0.04 | 0.6 ± 0.07 | 205.0 ± 2.8 ab | 188.8 ± 4.5 |
CML444 | 17.0 ± 0.1 b | 81.3 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.06 | 214.9 ± 3.4 b | 193.3 ± 5.4 |
p-Value of the ANOVA | ≤0.0001 | 0.2327 | 0.76 | ≤0.0001 | 0.1254 |
Inbred Line | Pre-Oviposition Period n = 13–23 | Oviposition Period n = 15–23 | Number of Eggs Laid per Female n = 14–21 | % Eggs Hatched n = 15–22 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mp716 | 2.4 ± 0.1 a | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 589.6 ± 41.2 | 95.8 ± 2.2 |
CML71 | 2.5 ± 0.2 a | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 505.1 ± 68.4 | 98.3 ± 0.9 |
CKSBL10008 | 2.3 ± 0.1 ab | 4.3 ± 0.6 | 484.9 ± 67.4 | 95.3 ± 2.3 |
CML125 | 2.3 ± 0.1 ab | 5.0 ± 0.7 | 420.9 ± 84.7 | 98.9 ± 0.6 |
CML370 | 2.0 ± 0.00 b | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 411.1 ± 62.9 | 92.1 ± 4.4 |
CKSBL10025 | 2.0 ± 0.00 b | 5.0 ± 0.6 | 545.0 ± 47.4 | 95.7 ± 2.1 |
CML444 | 2.0 ± 0.00 b | 4.9 ± 0.7 | 528.8 ± 59.5 | 92.6 ± 2.3 |
p-Value of ANOVA | 0.0145 | 0.1539 | 0.3386 | 0.32 |
Inbred Line | RGR under Lab Conditions | RGR under Net House Conditions | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
On Leaves (10 Days) n = 116–127 | On Silks (10 Days) n = 40–74 | On Shelled Ear (7 Days) n = 10–17 | On Leaves (7 Days) n = 24–32 | On Leaves (14 Days) n = 23–31 | On Silks (14 Days) n = 10–31 | On Ears (14 Days) n = 46–136 | |
Mp716 | 10.6 ± 0.3 bc | 2.8 ± 0.1 a | 3.4 ± 0.4 a | 1.2 ± 0.1 ab | 16.4 ± 1.0 abc | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 11.3 ± 0.8 ab |
CML71 | 8.1 ± 0.4 a | 2.7 ± 0.1 a | 3.2 ± 0.4 a | 1.2 ± 0.1 ab | 15.0 ± 1.4 ab | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 10.3 ± 0.5 a |
CKSBL10008 | 9.2 ± 0.4 ab | 4.6 ± 0.2 b | 3.8 ± 0.4 a | 1.0 ± 0.1 a | 13.8 ± 0.6 a | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 17.7 ± 0.8 c |
CML125 | 12.0 ± 0.5 cd | 2.3 ± 0.1 a | 4.5 ± 0.5 a | 1.7 ± 0.1 b | 18.1 ± 1.2 bc | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 10.3 ± 0.6 a |
CML370 | 11.3 ± 0.4 cd | 2.7 ± 0.1 a | 3.2 ± 0.6 a | 1.4 ± 0.1 ab | 19.1 ± 1.2 c | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 13.5 ± 0.9 b |
CKSBL10025 | 11.2 ± 0.4 cd | 2.7 ± 0.1 a | 9.0 ± 1.2 b | 1.7 ± 0.1 b | 19.2 ± 1.2 c | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 20.1 ± 1.7 c |
CML444 | 13.0 ± 0.5 d | 2.4 ± 0.1 a | 4.9 ± 0.8 a | 3.6 ± 0.3 c | 28.1 ± 1.0 d | 2.7 ± 0.44 | 11.4± 0.7 ab |
p-Value of ANOVA | ≤0.0001 | ≤0.0001 | ≤0.0001 | ≤0.0001 | ≤0.0001 | 0.1188 | ≤0.0001 |
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Nuambote-Yobila, O.; Bruce, A.Y.; Okuku, G.O.; Marangu, C.; Makumbi, D.; Beyene, Y.; Mahungu, N.-M.; Maruthi Prasanna, B.; Marion-Poll, F.; Calatayud, P.-A. Assessment of Resistance Mechanisms to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines. Agronomy 2023, 13, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010203
Nuambote-Yobila O, Bruce AY, Okuku GO, Marangu C, Makumbi D, Beyene Y, Mahungu N-M, Maruthi Prasanna B, Marion-Poll F, Calatayud P-A. Assessment of Resistance Mechanisms to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines. Agronomy. 2023; 13(1):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010203
Chicago/Turabian StyleNuambote-Yobila, Ovide, Anani Y. Bruce, Gerphas Ogola Okuku, Charles Marangu, Dan Makumbi, Yoseph Beyene, Nzola-Meso Mahungu, Boddupalli Maruthi Prasanna, Frédéric Marion-Poll, and Paul-André Calatayud. 2023. "Assessment of Resistance Mechanisms to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines" Agronomy 13, no. 1: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010203