Modeling Planting-Date Effects on Intermediate-Maturing Maize in Contrasting Environments in the Nigerian Savanna: An Application of DSSAT Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Locations
2.2. Field Experiments for Model Calibration and Evaluation
2.3. Plant Measurements
2.4. Weather and Soil Data
2.5. CSM-CERES Maize Model Calibration
2.6. CSM-CERES-Maize Model Evaluation
2.7. Model Application
3. Results
3.1. Soil and Weather Condition
3.2. CSM CERES-Maize Model Calibration
3.3. CSM CERES-Maize Model Evaluation
3.4. Model Application
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Location | Soil Layer Depth (cm) | Silt (g kg−1) | Clay (g kg−1) | Lower Limit (cm3/cm3) | Drained Upper Limit (cm3/cm3) | Saturated Water Content (cm3/cm3) | Bulk Density (g cm−3) | pH in H2O (1:2.5) | Organic Carbon (g kg−1) | Total N (g kg−1) | Available P (mg kg−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BUK | 28 | 120 | 200 | 0.100 | 0.201 | 0.401 | 1.56 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 0.04 | 2.0 |
58 | 160 | 190 | 0.127 | 0.207 | 0.382 | 1.58 | 6.7 | 0.02 | 1.7 | ||
120 | 180 | 160 | 0.112 | 0.194 | 0.385 | 1.57 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 0.02 | 2.8 | |
156 | 180 | 170 | 0.112 | 0.191 | 0.376 | 1.60 | 7.0 | 0.4 | 0.01 | 1.3 | |
210 | 180 | 150 | 0.102 | 0.180 | 0.376 | 1.60 | 6.1 | 0.4 | 0.01 | 2.4 | |
Dambatta | 14 | 160 | 60 | 0.059 | 0.129 | 0.401 | 1.53 | 6.1 | 1.1 | 0.21 | 1.2 |
23 | 140 | 80 | 0.068 | 0.135 | 0.386 | 1.57 | 6.1 | 0.8 | 0.18 | 1.1 | |
26 | 110 | 90 | 0.078 | 0.143 | 0.385 | 1.57 | 6.1 | 2.5 | 0.15 | 0.3 | |
63 | 130 | 120 | 0.092 | 0.162 | 0.382 | 1.58 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 0.18 | 0.2 | |
Zaria | 20 | 420 | 200 | 0.139 | 0.277 | 0.452 | 1.38 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 0.8 | 2.5 |
45 | 300 | 490 | 0.281 | 0.410 | 0.467 | 1.34 | 5.6 | 4.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | |
84 | 240 | 500 | 0.281 | 0.394 | 0.450 | 1.39 | 5.7 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |
120 | 260 | 460 | 0.260 | 0.375 | 0.443 | 1.41 | 5.2 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
190 | 240 | 480 | 0.267 | 0.377 | 0.441 | 1.42 | 5.0 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
Coefficient | Description | Unit | SAMMAZ-15 | SAMMAZ-16 |
---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | Thermal time from seedling emergence to the end of juvenile phase | °C day−1 | 274.3 | 253.3 |
P2 | Delay in development for each hour that day-length is above 12.5 h | day | 0.489 | 0.424 |
P5 | Thermal time from silking to time of physiological maturity | °C day−1 | 840.5 | 794.9 |
G2 | Maximum kernel number per plant | grains ear−1 | 816.3 | 743.3 |
G3 | Kernel growth rate during linear grain-filling stage under optimum conditions | mg day−1 | 6.30 | 6.25 |
PHINT | Thermal time between successive leaf tip appearances | °C day−1 | 40.00 | 38.90 |
Parameter | NE ƪ | Simulated | Observed | ME ª | RMSE | d-Index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAMMAZ-15 | ||||||
Anthesis (DAS) | 10 | 59.0 | 60.0 | −0.020 | 1.9 | 0.93 |
Maturity (DAS) | 10 | 105.0 | 107.0 | −0.017 | 2.3 | 0.95 |
Grain yield at harvest (kg ha−1) | 10 | 6503 | 6311 | 0.031 | 470 | 0.92 |
Shoot dry matter (kg ha−1) | 10 | 17299 | 15914 | 0.087 | 1728 | 0.75 |
SAMMAZ-16 | ||||||
Anthesis (DAS) | 14 | 55.4 | 56.4 | −0.020 | 1.9 | 0.93 |
Maturity (DAS) | 14 | 100.2 | 100.4 | −0.002 | 2.0 | 0.97 |
Grain yield at harvest (kg ha−1) | 14 | 5253 | 5272 | −0.004 | 245 | 0.91 |
Shoot dry matter (kg ha−1) | 14 | 15606 | 14990 | 0.041 | 1152 | 0.80 |
SAMMAZ-15 | SAMMAZ-16 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sowing Window | Mean | St. Dev. | Max. | Min. | Mean | St. Dev. | Max. | Min. | ||
SS | ||||||||||
Early June | 5601 | 711 | 7117 | 4652 | 5002 | 587 | 6057 | 3934 | ||
Mid-June | 5591 | 478 | 6352 | 4768 | 4913 | 561 | 5954 | 3947 | ||
Late June | 5228 | 677 | 6044 | 2875 | 4598 | 502 | 5426 | 3048 | ||
Early July | 4673 | 775 | 5947 | 2547 | 4344 | 651 | 5241 | 2453 | ||
Mid-July | 4001 | 859 | 5518 | 2150 | 3654 | 722 | 5164 | 2176 | ||
Late July | 3024 | 1010 | 5098 | 548 | 2800 | 901 | 4567 | 772 | ||
Early August | 1952 | 1007 | 4281 | 592 | 1862 | 957 | 4182 | 617 | ||
Mid-August | 1256 | 590 | 2960 | 411 | 1217 | 625 | 2931 | 383 | ||
Late August | 1102 | 293 | 1707 | 457 | 982 | 241 | 1536 | 442 | ||
NGS | ||||||||||
Early June | 5711 | 536 | 6793 | 4492 | 4977 | 406 | 6102 | 4188 | ||
Mid-June | 5678 | 635 | 6957 | 3896 | 4864 | 661 | 6289 | 3372 | ||
Late June | 5835 | 683 | 6924 | 4453 | 5000 | 573 | 5816 | 3708 | ||
Early July | 5874 | 719 | 7686 | 4600 | 5008 | 591 | 6110 | 3904 | ||
Mid-July | 5983 | 633 | 7343 | 4867 | 5160 | 565 | 6602 | 4218 | ||
Late July | 5765 | 710 | 7036 | 4151 | 5138 | 603 | 6372 | 3818 | ||
Early August | 5303 | 976 | 6777 | 2197 | 4810 | 768 | 5756 | 1877 | ||
Mid-August | 4543 | 1314 | 6821 | 1266 | 4172 | 1106 | 5694 | 1161 | ||
Late August | 3123 | 1314 | 6060 | 1163 | 3031 | 1144 | 5532 | 1270 | ||
SGS | ||||||||||
Early June | 4672 | 478 | 5814 | 3783 | 3882 | 404 | 4610 | 3120 | ||
Mid-June | 4822 | 533 | 5924 | 3866 | 4060 | 382 | 5009 | 3323 | ||
Late June | 5048 | 597 | 6338 | 4145 | 4245 | 462 | 5025 | 3415 | ||
Early July | 5059 | 531 | 6139 | 4139 | 4314 | 537 | 5389 | 3340 | ||
Mid-July | 4882 | 511 | 5865 | 3877 | 4255 | 425 | 4964 | 3361 | ||
Late July | 4650 | 581 | 5561 | 3511 | 4056 | 481 | 5074 | 3105 | ||
Early August | 4434 | 843 | 5747 | 2428 | 3973 | 627 | 4905 | 2434 | ||
Mid-August | 3820 | 1109 | 5883 | 926 | 3545 | 906 | 5115 | 1052 | ||
Late August | 2964 | 1313 | 5242 | 543 | 2826 | 1127 | 4822 | 546 |
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Tofa, A.I.; Chiezey, U.F.; Babaji, B.A.; Kamara, A.Y.; Adnan, A.A.; Beah, A.; Adam, A.M. Modeling Planting-Date Effects on Intermediate-Maturing Maize in Contrasting Environments in the Nigerian Savanna: An Application of DSSAT Model. Agronomy 2020, 10, 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060871
Tofa AI, Chiezey UF, Babaji BA, Kamara AY, Adnan AA, Beah A, Adam AM. Modeling Planting-Date Effects on Intermediate-Maturing Maize in Contrasting Environments in the Nigerian Savanna: An Application of DSSAT Model. Agronomy. 2020; 10(6):871. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060871
Chicago/Turabian StyleTofa, Abdullahi I., Uche F. Chiezey, Bashir A. Babaji, Alpha Y. Kamara, Adnan A. Adnan, Aloysius Beah, and Adam M. Adam. 2020. "Modeling Planting-Date Effects on Intermediate-Maturing Maize in Contrasting Environments in the Nigerian Savanna: An Application of DSSAT Model" Agronomy 10, no. 6: 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060871