Staining Analysis of Resin Cements and Their Effects on Colour and Translucency Changes in Lithium Disilicate Veneers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Specimen Preparation
2.2. Staining
2.3. Colour and Translucency Parameter
2.4. Sorption and Solubility
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Resin Cements
3.2. Cemented LiSi Veneers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material (Code) | Manufacturer | Shade | Adhesion Mode | Composition |
---|---|---|---|---|
Curing Mode | ||||
Variolink Esthetic (Variolink) | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | Neutral | Adhesive | Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), glycerin-1.3-dimethacrylate, 1,10-decandiol dimethacrylate, ytterbium trifluoride and mixed spheroidal oxide fillers (particle size 0.04 to 0.2 µm, with an average size of 0.1 µm), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), initiators, stabilizers, pigments |
Dual-cured | ||||
Panavia V5 (Panavia) | Kuraray Noritake, Tokyo, Japan | Clear | Adhesive | Paste A/Paste B Bisphenol A diglycidylmethacrylate (Bis-GMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate, hydrophilic aliphatic dimethacrylate, initiators, accelerators, silanated barium glass filler (particle size range 0.01–12 µm), silanated fluoroalminosilicate glass filler, colloidal silica bisphenol A Bis-GMA, hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate, hydrophilic aliphatic dimethacrylate, silanated barium glass filler, silanated alminium oxide filler, accelerators, dl-Camphorquinone, pigments |
Dual-cured | ||||
G-CEM ONE (GC Cem) | GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan | Translucent | Self-adhesive | Paste A/Paste B 2-Hydroxy-1,3 dimethacryloxypropane, urethane Dimethacrylate (UDMA), titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and fluoro-almino-silicate glass, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-xylenol, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 2-Hydroxy-1,3 dimethacryloxypropane, methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate, α,α -dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-xylenol, and silicon dioxide |
Dual-cured | ||||
RelyX Universal (RelyX) | 3M, Seefeld, Germany | Translucent | Universal | Base: phosphorus oxide, silane, terimethoxyctyl-,hydrolysis product with silica, t-Amyl hydroxiperoxide, n2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2-HEMA, methyl methacylate, acetic acid, copper salt, monohydrate Catalyst: diurethanedimethacrylate, ytterbium fluoride, glass powder, surface modified with 2-propenoic acid, 2 methyl-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl ester and phenyltrimethoxy silane, TEGDMA, L-ascorbic acid, 6-hexadecanoate, hydrate, silane, trimethoxyoctyl, hydrolysis product with silica, 2-HEMA, titanium dioxide, triphenyl phosphite |
Dual-cured | ||||
Initial LiSi Block (LiSi) | GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan | A1 HT | CAD/CAM block | Fully crystallized lithium disilicate glass ceramic |
G-aenial Universal Injectable (G-aenial) | GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan | AO3 | Injectable resin composite | (Octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenediyl)bis(methylene) bismethacrylate, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediyl bismethacrylate, 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine, polymer with formaldehyde, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, 2,2′-ethylenedioxydiethyl dimethacrylate, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 6-tert-butyl-2,4-xylenol, ultrafine barium glass fillers (150 nm, ~69 wt%) |
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Miletic, V.; Pour Ronagh, A. Staining Analysis of Resin Cements and Their Effects on Colour and Translucency Changes in Lithium Disilicate Veneers. Polymers 2025, 17, 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030362
Miletic V, Pour Ronagh A. Staining Analysis of Resin Cements and Their Effects on Colour and Translucency Changes in Lithium Disilicate Veneers. Polymers. 2025; 17(3):362. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030362
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiletic, Vesna, and Asana Pour Ronagh. 2025. "Staining Analysis of Resin Cements and Their Effects on Colour and Translucency Changes in Lithium Disilicate Veneers" Polymers 17, no. 3: 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030362
APA StyleMiletic, V., & Pour Ronagh, A. (2025). Staining Analysis of Resin Cements and Their Effects on Colour and Translucency Changes in Lithium Disilicate Veneers. Polymers, 17(3), 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030362