Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Field Trials in Agriculture and Urban Landscaping
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners
2.2. Experimental Sites and Design
2.3. Instrumental Methods and Equipment; Data Processing
3. Results
3.1. Advanced Intelligent Soil Design
3.2. Automated Monitoring of Natural Hydrothermal Conditions
3.3. Lawn Planting in Urban Landscaping with Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners
3.3.1. Experiment in Arid Climate (UAE., Dubai Emirate)
3.3.2. Experiment in a Temperate Climate (Russian Federation, Moscow Region)
3.4. Potato Plantings in Irrigated Agriculture with Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners
3.4.1. Experiments in Arid Climate (Uzbekistan)
3.4.2. Experiments in a Greenhouse with Drip Irrigation (Russian Federation, Moscow Region)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Patents
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Granulometric Fractions: | Soils: | ||
---|---|---|---|
Carbonate Loamy–Sandy Arenosol from the Emirate of Dubai, U.A.E. | Loamy–Sandy Retisol from the Moscow Region, Russia | Loamy Serozem from the Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan | |
Clay (<2 µm) | 4.2 | 2.4 | 20.7 |
Silt (2–50 µm) | 23.3 | 24.6 | 45.6 |
Very fine sand (50–100 µm) | 22.4 | 15.4 | 13.3 |
Fine sand (100–250 µm) | 39.2 | 36.0 | 8.9 |
Medium sand (250–500 µm) | 9.6 | 17.0 | 6.4 |
Coarse sand (500–1000 µm) | 1.3 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
Very coarse sand (1000–2000 µm) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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Smagin, A.V.; Sadovnikova, N.B.; Belyaeva, E.A.; Krivtsova, V.N.; Shoba, S.A.; Smagina, M.V. Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Field Trials in Agriculture and Urban Landscaping. Polymers 2022, 14, 5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235131
Smagin AV, Sadovnikova NB, Belyaeva EA, Krivtsova VN, Shoba SA, Smagina MV. Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Field Trials in Agriculture and Urban Landscaping. Polymers. 2022; 14(23):5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235131
Chicago/Turabian StyleSmagin, Andrey V., Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova, Elena A. Belyaeva, Victoria N. Krivtsova, Sergey A. Shoba, and Marina V. Smagina. 2022. "Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Field Trials in Agriculture and Urban Landscaping" Polymers 14, no. 23: 5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235131