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Polymers
Volume 13
Issue 23
10.3390/polym13234233
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Article

Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth

by
Dawid Skrzypczak
1,*,
Łukasz Jarzembowski
1,
Grzegorz Izydorczyk
1,
Katarzyna Mikula
1,
Viktoria Hoppe
2,
Karolina Anna Mielko
3,
Natalia Pudełko-Malik
3,
Piotr Młynarz
3,
Katarzyna Chojnacka
1 and
Anna Witek-Krowiak
1
1
Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
2
Center for Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (CAMT), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 5, 50-371 Wrocław, Poland
3
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 2, 50-371 Wrocław, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2021, 13(23), 4233; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233
Submission received: 3 November 2021 / Revised: 25 November 2021 / Accepted: 29 November 2021 / Published: 2 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation of Polymer Materials and Their Biological and Agricultural Applications)
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Abstract

Seed coating containing fertilizer nutrients and plant growth biostimulants is an innovative technique for precision agriculture. Nutrient delivery can also be conducted through multilayer seed coating. For this purpose, sodium alginate with NPK, which was selected in a preliminary selection study, crosslinked with divalent ions (Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II)) as a source of fertilizer micronutrients, was used to produce seed coating. The seeds were additionally coated with a solution containing amino acids derived from high-protein material. Amino acids can be obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of mealworm larvae (Gly 71.2 ± 0.6 mM, Glu 55.8 ± 1.3 mM, Pro 48.8 ± 1.5 mM, Ser 31.4 ± 1.5 mM). The formulations were applied in different doses per 100 g of seeds: 35 mL, 70 mL, 105 mL, and 140 mL. SEM-EDX surface analysis showed that 70 mL of formulation/100 g of seeds formed a continuity of coatings but did not result in a uniform distribution of components on the surface. Extraction tests proved simultaneous low leaching of nutrients into water (max. 10%), showing a slow release pattern. There occurred high bioavailability of fertilizer nutrients (even up to 100%). Pot tests on cucumbers (Cornichon de Paris) confirmed the new method’s effectiveness, yielding a 50% higher fresh sprout weight and four times greater root length than uncoated seeds. Seed coating with hydrogel has a high potential for commercial application, stimulating the early growth of plants and thus leading to higher crop yields.
Keywords: seed coating; macronutrients; micronutrients; alginate; biostimulant; alkaline hydrolysis seed coating; macronutrients; micronutrients; alginate; biostimulant; alkaline hydrolysis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Skrzypczak, D.; Jarzembowski, Ł.; Izydorczyk, G.; Mikula, K.; Hoppe, V.; Mielko, K.A.; Pudełko-Malik, N.; Młynarz, P.; Chojnacka, K.; Witek-Krowiak, A. Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth. Polymers 2021, 13, 4233. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233

AMA Style

Skrzypczak D, Jarzembowski Ł, Izydorczyk G, Mikula K, Hoppe V, Mielko KA, Pudełko-Malik N, Młynarz P, Chojnacka K, Witek-Krowiak A. Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth. Polymers. 2021; 13(23):4233. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233

Chicago/Turabian Style

Skrzypczak, Dawid, Łukasz Jarzembowski, Grzegorz Izydorczyk, Katarzyna Mikula, Viktoria Hoppe, Karolina Anna Mielko, Natalia Pudełko-Malik, Piotr Młynarz, Katarzyna Chojnacka, and Anna Witek-Krowiak. 2021. "Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth" Polymers 13, no. 23: 4233. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233

APA Style

Skrzypczak, D., Jarzembowski, Ł., Izydorczyk, G., Mikula, K., Hoppe, V., Mielko, K. A., Pudełko-Malik, N., Młynarz, P., Chojnacka, K., & Witek-Krowiak, A. (2021). Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth. Polymers, 13(23), 4233. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233

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