The Impact of the Acidic Environment on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Compounds in Different Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Epoxy Compounds
2.2. Samples
2.3. Technology of Epoxy Compounds Sample Preparation
2.4. Compression Tests
2.5. Microscopic Tests
3. Results
3.1. Unmodified Epoxy Compounds
3.1.1. Compression Test Results
3.1.2. Microscopic Images and Failure Form of Unmodified Epoxy Compound Samples
3.2. Modified Epoxy Compounds
3.2.1. Compression Test Results
3.2.2. Microscopic Images of Modified Epoxy Compound Samples
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- (i)
- In many cases, the unaged samples (not exposed to any water environment) of the unmodified epoxy compound had an insignificant higher compressive strength than the unaged samples of the modified epoxy compound, regardless of the seasoning variant, although there were different differences depending on the environment and immersion time.
- (ii)
- In the case of the modified composition, it was noted that the samples immersed in tap water were characterized by a higher strength than in acidic environments. A similar tendency was observed for the unmodified compositions, although the differences were smaller than for the modified compositions.
- (iii)
- The increase in the pH of the acidic solution in many analyzed cases contributed to the decrease (to a slight but noticeable degree) in the mechanical properties, although the immersion time in the acidic solution is important.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound Type | Epoxy Resin | Curing Agent | Modifying Additive | Quantitative Proportion | Designation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unmodified epoxy compound | Epidian 53 | amine curing agent (Z-1) | - | 100:10 | Epidian 53/Z-1 |
Modified epoxy compound | CaCO3 | 100:10:2 | Epidian 53/Z-1/CaCO3 |
Tested Parameters | Values |
---|---|
Breaking stresses, MPa | 40–60 |
Bending strength, MPa | 80–100 |
Compressive strength, MPa | 70–90 |
Environment | Time | Designation |
---|---|---|
Tap water (WW) | 1 week | WW/1w |
1 month | WW/1m | |
3 months | WW/3m | |
Aqueous solution of acetic acid 3% (RKO3%) | 1 week | RKO3%/1w |
1 month | RKO3%/1m | |
3 months | RKO3%/3m | |
Aqueous solution of acetic acid 6% (RKO6%) | 1 week | RKO6%/1w |
1 month | RKO6%/1m | |
3 months | RKO6%/3m | |
Aqueous solution of acetic acid 9% (RKO9%) | 1 week | RKO9%/1w |
1 month | RKO9%/1m | |
3 months | RKO9%/3m |
Parameter | Unit | Content/Value |
---|---|---|
Chlorides | mg/L | 29.4 |
Fluorides | mg/L | <0.4 |
Magnesium | mg/L | 23.0 |
Sulfates | mg/L | 36.4 |
Sodium | mg/L | 9.2 |
Iron | μg/L | 46 |
Calcium | mg/L | 98 |
Hardness | mval/L | 381 |
Seasoning Time | ||
---|---|---|
1 week | 1 month | 3 months |
Environment–tap water | ||
WW/1w | WW/1m | WW/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 3% | ||
RKO3%/1w | RKO3%/1m | RKO3%/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 6% | ||
RKO6%/1w | RKO6%/1m | RKO6%/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 9% | ||
RKO9%/1w | RKO9%/1m | RKO9%/3m |
Seasoning Time | ||
---|---|---|
1 week | 1 month | 3 months |
Environment–tap water | ||
WW/1w | WW/1m | WW/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 3% | ||
RKO3%/1w | RKO3%/1m | RKO3%/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 6% | ||
RKO6%/1w | RKO6%/1m | RKO6%/3m |
Environment–aqueous solution of acetic acid 9% | ||
RKO9%/1w | RKO9%/1m | RKO9%/3m |
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Rudawska, A. The Impact of the Acidic Environment on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Compounds in Different Conditions. Polymers 2020, 12, 2957. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12122957
Rudawska A. The Impact of the Acidic Environment on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Compounds in Different Conditions. Polymers. 2020; 12(12):2957. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12122957
Chicago/Turabian StyleRudawska, Anna. 2020. "The Impact of the Acidic Environment on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Compounds in Different Conditions" Polymers 12, no. 12: 2957. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12122957