Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications
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School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
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3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
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Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 413, Taiwan
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3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 413, Taiwan
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Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Physic, Faculty of Science and Technology, Univerisitas Airlangga, Surabaya 61115, Indonesia
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School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
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Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2019, 11(11), 1864; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111864
Received: 5 October 2019
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Revised: 6 November 2019
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Accepted: 8 November 2019
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Published: 12 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D and 4D Printing of (Bio)Materials)
The purpose of 4D printing is to embed a product design into a deformable smart material using a traditional 3D printer. The 3D printed object can be assembled or transformed into intended designs by applying certain conditions or forms of stimulation such as temperature, pressure, humidity, pH, wind, or light. Simply put, 4D printing is a continuum of 3D printing technology that is now able to print objects which change over time. In previous studies, many smart materials were shown to have 4D printing characteristics. In this paper, we specifically review the current application, respective activation methods, characteristics, and future prospects of various polymeric materials in 4D printing, which are expected to contribute to the development of 4D printing polymeric materials and technology.
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Keywords:
4D printing; additive manufacturing; shape memory material; smart materials; shape memory polymer
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Shie, M.-Y.; Shen, Y.-F.; Astuti, S.D.; Lee, A.K.-X.; Lin, S.-H.; Dwijaksara, N.L.B.; Chen, Y.-W. Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications. Polymers 2019, 11, 1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111864
AMA Style
Shie M-Y, Shen Y-F, Astuti SD, Lee AK-X, Lin S-H, Dwijaksara NLB, Chen Y-W. Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications. Polymers. 2019; 11(11):1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111864
Chicago/Turabian StyleShie, Ming-You, Yu-Fang Shen, Suryani D. Astuti, Alvin K.-X. Lee, Shu-Hsien Lin, Ni L.B. Dwijaksara, and Yi-Wen Chen. 2019. "Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications" Polymers 11, no. 11: 1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111864
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