Degradation of Polypropylene Membranes Applied in Membrane Distillation Crystallizer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Batch Crystallizer
3.2. Fluidized-Bed Crystallizer
3.3. SEM Observations
3.4. Membrane Degradation
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | I Scan (Heating) | Cooling (Crystallization) | II Scan (Heating) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tm (°C) | Tm2 (°C) | ΔHm (J/g) | Tc (°C) | ΔHc (J/g) | TmII (°C) | ΔHmII (J/g) | Crystallinity (%) | |
New PP | 164.6 | - * | 88.6 | 117.9 | 88.8 | 161.8 | 86.9 | 41.9 |
MD | 163.9 | 157.9 | 85.9 | 117.8 | 88.1 | 160.5 | 85.1 | 41.1 |
MD1 | 163.3 | 158.3 | 84.3 | 117.6 | 84.7 | 160.4 | 82.4 | 39.8 |
MD2 | 162.9 | 157.3 | 81.4 | 116.9 | 81.6 | 160.2 | 81.2 | 39.2 |
MD2 cleaned | 164.2 | - * | 80.1 | 117.4 | 89.9 | 161.2 | 84.4 | 40.8 |
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Gryta, M. Degradation of Polypropylene Membranes Applied in Membrane Distillation Crystallizer. Crystals 2016, 6, 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6040033
Gryta M. Degradation of Polypropylene Membranes Applied in Membrane Distillation Crystallizer. Crystals. 2016; 6(4):33. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6040033
Chicago/Turabian StyleGryta, Marek. 2016. "Degradation of Polypropylene Membranes Applied in Membrane Distillation Crystallizer" Crystals 6, no. 4: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6040033