Rare-Earth Calcium Oxyborate Piezoelectric Crystals ReCa4O(BO3)3: Growth and Piezoelectric Characterizations
1
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
2
Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
3
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2014, 4(3), 241-261; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst4030241
Received: 12 April 2014 / Revised: 15 June 2014 / Accepted: 24 June 2014 / Published: 8 July 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Crystals)
Rare-earth calcium oxyborate crystals, ReCa4O(BO3)3 (ReCOB, Re = Er, Y, Gd, Sm, Nd, Pr, and La ), are potential piezoelectric materials for ultrahigh temperature sensor applications, due to their high electrical resistivity at elevated temperature, high piezoelectric sensitivity and temperature stability. In this paper, different techniques for ReCOB single-crystal growth are introduced, including the Bridgman and Czochralski pulling methods. Crystal orientations and the relationships between the crystallographic and physical axes of the monoclinic ReCOB crystals are discussed. The procedures for dielectric, elastic, electromechanical and piezoelectric property characterization, taking advantage of the impedance method, are presented. In addition, the maximum piezoelectric coefficients for different piezoelectric vibration modes are explored, and the optimized crystal cuts free of piezoelectric cross-talk are obtained by rotation calculations.
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Keywords:
ReCOB crystals; crystal growth; dielectric; piezoelectric; sensor
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yu, F.; Duan, X.; Zhang, S.; Lu, Q.; Zhao, X. Rare-Earth Calcium Oxyborate Piezoelectric Crystals ReCa4O(BO3)3: Growth and Piezoelectric Characterizations. Crystals 2014, 4, 241-261.
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