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Crystals
Volume 15
Issue 5
10.3390/cryst15050471
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Mechanistic Decoupling of Giant Electrostrain and Piezoelectric Coefficients at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PMN-30PT Single Crystals

by
Ruqing Yan
1,
Shuai Li
1,
Jianting Li
1,*,
Junjie Li
2,
Yaodong Yang
1,
Wei-Feng Rao
1 and
Yang Bai
3,*
1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
2
Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices Application, College of Optoelectronic Engineering (Chengdu IC Valley Industrial College), Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
3
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2025, 15(5), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050471
Submission received: 10 April 2025 / Revised: 30 April 2025 / Accepted: 15 May 2025 / Published: 16 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Polycrystalline Ceramics)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with multiphase coexistence serves as a critical region for piezoelectric materials, but the individual contributions of various microscopic mechanisms to the overall electromechanical response remains a challenge for further subdivision. Here, we systematically investigate the microscopic origins of outstanding piezoelectricity in <001>-oriented Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-30PbTiO3 (PMN-30PT) single crystals and quantitatively identify the dominant factors for giant electrostrain and ultrahigh piezoelectric coefficient. Large electrostrain arises predominantly from polarization rotation within the easily distorted monoclinic phase and the high-energy-barrier monoclinic-to-tetragonal phase transition, enabled by a synergistic interplay of broad electric field adaptability and high strain sensitivity. In contrast, the peak piezoelectric coefficient (d33 > 2100 pC/N) is attributed to the low-energy-barrier rhombohedral-to-monoclinic phase transition, which facilitates polarization rotation. Furthermore, the critical yet distinct roles of monoclinic phase compared to piezoelectric and electrostrain have been confirmed. By the quantitative segmentation of various microscopic factors, this work provides fundamental insights into the design of high-performance piezoelectrics.
Keywords: morphotropic phase boundary; electrostrain; piezoelectric coefficient; polarization rotation morphotropic phase boundary; electrostrain; piezoelectric coefficient; polarization rotation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, R.; Li, S.; Li, J.; Li, J.; Yang, Y.; Rao, W.-F.; Bai, Y. Mechanistic Decoupling of Giant Electrostrain and Piezoelectric Coefficients at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PMN-30PT Single Crystals. Crystals 2025, 15, 471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050471

AMA Style

Yan R, Li S, Li J, Li J, Yang Y, Rao W-F, Bai Y. Mechanistic Decoupling of Giant Electrostrain and Piezoelectric Coefficients at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PMN-30PT Single Crystals. Crystals. 2025; 15(5):471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050471

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Ruqing, Shuai Li, Jianting Li, Junjie Li, Yaodong Yang, Wei-Feng Rao, and Yang Bai. 2025. "Mechanistic Decoupling of Giant Electrostrain and Piezoelectric Coefficients at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PMN-30PT Single Crystals" Crystals 15, no. 5: 471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050471

APA Style

Yan, R., Li, S., Li, J., Li, J., Yang, Y., Rao, W.-F., & Bai, Y. (2025). Mechanistic Decoupling of Giant Electrostrain and Piezoelectric Coefficients at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary in PMN-30PT Single Crystals. Crystals, 15(5), 471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15050471

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