Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure of Aluminum Alloys Made via Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)
2.3. Quantitative EBSD Analysis
2.4. Weld Interface Identification
2.5. Nanoindentation for Interface Identification
3. Estimation of Energy Storage in the Microstructure
3.1. Study A: Effect of Subsequent Weld Layers
3.2. Study B: Effect of Process Settings
3.2.1. Sample Fabrication
3.2.2. In Situ Process Measurements
3.2.3. Stored Energy Estimation
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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2-Layer | 3-Layer | 5-Layer | 10-Layer | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean grain diameter in weld interface (μm) | 0.64 | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.72 |
Standard deviation of grain diameter (μm) | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.34 |
Interface width (μm) | 12 | 12 | 16 | 16 |
% High angle grain boundaries (HAGB) | 71 | 66 | 60 | 66 |
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Venkatraman, G.; Headings, L.M.; Dapino, M.J. Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure of Aluminum Alloys Made via Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing. Crystals 2022, 12, 1696. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12121696
Venkatraman G, Headings LM, Dapino MJ. Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure of Aluminum Alloys Made via Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing. Crystals. 2022; 12(12):1696. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12121696
Chicago/Turabian StyleVenkatraman, Gowtham, Leon M. Headings, and Marcelo J. Dapino. 2022. "Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure of Aluminum Alloys Made via Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing" Crystals 12, no. 12: 1696. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12121696