LiNbO3-Tm3+ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling

Kokanyan, Ninel; Mkhitaryan, Nune; Demirkhanyan, Gagik; Kumar, Ajith; Aillerie, Michel; Sardar, Dhiraj; Kokanyan, Edvard

doi:10.3390/cryst11010050

Open AccessArticle

LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling

by

Ninel Kokanyan

^1,2,*

,

Nune Mkhitaryan

³,

Gagik Demirkhanyan

^3,4,

Ajith Kumar

⁵,

Michel Aillerie

²

,

Dhiraj Sardar

⁵ and

Edvard Kokanyan

^3,4

¹

Chaire Photonique, LMOPS, CentraleSupélec, 2 rue Edouard Belin, 57220 Metz, France

²

Université de Lorraine, LMOPS, 2 rue Edouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France

³

Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan, TigranMetsi Ave., 17, Yerevan 0010, Armenia

⁴

Institute for Physical Research, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Ashtarak-2 0203, Armenia

⁵

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Crystals 2021, 11(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010050

Submission received: 28 October 2020 / Revised: 30 December 2020 / Accepted: 6 January 2021 / Published: 9 January 2021

(This article belongs to the Section Crystal Engineering)

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Abstract

The possibilities of LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ crystals for optical cooling based on anti-Stokes luminescence in the wavelength range of 1818–2200 nm are investigated. The concentration dependences of the final temperature of the crystal have been determined under continuous (CW) excitation at wavelengths of 1822–1977 nm with a pump intensity

F_{p} = 5 \times 10^{21} {cm}^{- 2} s^{- 1}

. It was shown that significant cooling with ∆T = 22 K, 19 K, and 16.4 K can be achieved, respectively, with excitation at wavelengths 1977, 1967, and 1948 nm.

Keywords: Lithium Niobate crystals; optical cooling; rare-earth ions

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kokanyan, N.; Mkhitaryan, N.; Demirkhanyan, G.; Kumar, A.; Aillerie, M.; Sardar, D.; Kokanyan, E. LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling. Crystals 2021, 11, 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010050

AMA Style

Kokanyan N, Mkhitaryan N, Demirkhanyan G, Kumar A, Aillerie M, Sardar D, Kokanyan E. LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling. Crystals. 2021; 11(1):50. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010050

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kokanyan, Ninel, Nune Mkhitaryan, Gagik Demirkhanyan, Ajith Kumar, Michel Aillerie, Dhiraj Sardar, and Edvard Kokanyan. 2021. "LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling" Crystals 11, no. 1: 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010050

APA Style

Kokanyan, N., Mkhitaryan, N., Demirkhanyan, G., Kumar, A., Aillerie, M., Sardar, D., & Kokanyan, E. (2021). LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling. Crystals, 11(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010050

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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LiNbO₃-Tm³⁺ Crystal. Material for Optical Cooling

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