Co-Detection of Dopamine and Glucose with High Temporal Resolution
1
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg University, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
2
Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
3
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Catalysts 2018, 8(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8010034
Received: 6 December 2017 / Revised: 11 January 2018 / Accepted: 15 January 2018 / Published: 19 January 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immobilized Biocatalysts)
Neuronal activity and brain glucose metabolism are tightly coupled, where triggered neurotransmission leads to a higher demand for glucose. To better understand the regulation of neuronal activity and its relation to high-speed metabolism, development of analytical tools that can temporally resolve the transients of vesicular neurotransmitter release and fluctuations of metabolites such as glucose in the local vicinity of the activated neurons is needed. Here we present an amperometric biosensor design for rapid co-detection of glucose and the neurotransmitter dopamine. The sensor is based on the immobilization of an ultra-thin layer of glucose oxidase on to a gold-nanoparticle-covered carbon fiber microelectrode. Our electrode, by altering the potential applied at the sensor surface, allows for the high-speed recording of both glucose and dopamine. We demonstrate that, even though glucose is electrochemically detected indirectly through the enzymatic product and the electroactive dopamine is sensed directly, when exposing the sensor surface to a mixture of the two analytes, fluctuations in glucose and dopamine concentrations can be visualized with similar speed and at a millisecond time scale. Hence, by minimizing the enzyme coating thickness at the sensor surface, dual detection of glucose and dopamine can be realized at the same sensor surface and at time scales necessary for monitoring fast metabolic alterations during neurotransmission.
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Keywords:
biosensor; glucose; glucose oxidase; amperometry; co-detection; temporal resolution; gold nanoparticles; microelectrode
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bergman, J.; Mellander, L.; Wang, Y.; Cans, A.-S. Co-Detection of Dopamine and Glucose with High Temporal Resolution. Catalysts 2018, 8, 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8010034
AMA Style
Bergman J, Mellander L, Wang Y, Cans A-S. Co-Detection of Dopamine and Glucose with High Temporal Resolution. Catalysts. 2018; 8(1):34. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8010034
Chicago/Turabian StyleBergman, Jenny; Mellander, Lisa; Wang, Yuanmo; Cans, Ann-Sofie. 2018. "Co-Detection of Dopamine and Glucose with High Temporal Resolution" Catalysts 8, no. 1: 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8010034
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