Salivary Oxytocin Has Nonlinear Relationships with Trust and Reciprocity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Trust
2.2. Reciprocity
2.3. Salivary Oxytocin Levels
2.4. Relationship between Salivary Oxytocin Levels and Trust
2.5. Relationship between Salivary Oxytocin Levels and Reciprocity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Trust Game
4.3. Salivary Oxytocin Concentration
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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95% CI | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory Variables | b | SE | LL | UL | t | p |
All (N = 123) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = −0.007, p = 0.648) | ||||||
Intercept | 48.78 | 2.95 | 42.94 | 54.63 | 16.5 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 3.38 | 7.38 | −11.24 | 17.99 | 0.5 | 0.648 |
Model 2 (R2 = 0.003, p = 0.141) | ||||||
Intercept | 51.06 | 3.39 | 44.34 | 57.78 | 15.0 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 3.60 | 6.43 | −9.13 | 16.33 | 0.6 | 0.577 |
Oxytocin (square) | −15.67 | 8.11 | −31.73 | 0.39 | −1.9 | 0.056 |
Men (n = 64) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = −0.013, p = 0.692) | ||||||
Intercept | 54.61 | 4.23 | 46.15 | 63.07 | 12.9 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | −4.64 | 11.66 | −27.93 | 18.66 | −0.4 | 0.692 |
Model 2 (R2 = 0.049, p < 0.0001) | ||||||
Intercept | 59.32 | 4.77 | 49.79 | 68.86 | 12.4 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 8.47 | 9.75 | −11.02 | 27.96 | 0.87 | 0.389 |
Oxytocin (square) | −36.61 | 9.28 | −55.18 | −18.05 | −3.94 | 0.0002 |
Women (n = 59) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = −0.002, p =.315) | ||||||
Intercept | 42.71 | 4.02 | 34.67 | 50.75 | 10.64 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 9.47 | 9.33 | −9.22 | 28.15 | 1.02 | 0.315 |
Model 2 (R2 = −0.002, p = 0.365) | ||||||
Intercept | 40.07 | 4.47 | 31.12 | 49.02 | 8.97 | <0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 14.68 | 11.60 | −8.57 | 37.92 | 1.27 | 0.211 |
Oxytocin (square) | 17.30 | 12.87 | −8.48 | 43.08 | 1.34 | 0.184 |
95% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory Variables | b | SE | LL | UL | t | p |
All (N = 123) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = −0.008, p = 0.760) | ||||||
Intercept | 27.85 | 1.65 | 24.59 | 31.11 | 16.9 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | −1.23 | 4.01 | −9.16 | 6.71 | −0.3 | 0.760 |
Model 2 (R2 = −0.011, p = 0.622) | ||||||
Intercept | 28.54 | 1.89 | 24.79 | 32.28 | 15.1 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | −1.16 | 3.74 | −8.56 | 6.25 | −0.3 | 0.757 |
Oxytocin (square) | −4.69 | 4.80 | −14.19 | 4.82 | −1.0 | 0.331 |
Men (n = 64) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = 0.011, p = 0.160) | ||||||
Intercept | 28.60 | 2.54 | 23.53 | 33.67 | 11.3 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | −9.00 | 6.33 | −21.65 | 3.65 | −1.4 | 0.160 |
Model 2 (R2 = 0.009, p = 0.018) | ||||||
Intercept | 29.79 | 2.71 | 24.38 | 35.21 | 11.0 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | −5.68 | 7.16 | −20.01 | 8.64 | −0.8 | 0.431 |
Oxytocin (square) | −9.27 | 6.35 | −21.97 | 3.43 | −1.5 | 0.150 |
Women (n = 59) | ||||||
Model 1 (R2 = 0.004, p = 0.153) | ||||||
Intercept | 27.31 | 2.05 | 23.20 | 31.41 | 13.3 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 5.83 | 4.02 | −2.22 | 13.88 | 1.5 | 0.153 |
Model 2 (R2 = 0.021, p = 0.070) | ||||||
Intercept | 25.43 | 2.62 | 20.18 | 30.67 | 9.7 | < 0.0001 |
Oxytocin | 9.55 | 4.65 | 0.23 | 18.86 | 2.1 | 0.045 |
Oxytocin (square) | 12.34 | 5.43 | 1.45 | 23.22 | 2.3 | 0.027 |
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Arai, S.; Watabe, M.; Kanari, K.; Shou, Q.; Krueger, F.; Takagishi, H. Salivary Oxytocin Has Nonlinear Relationships with Trust and Reciprocity. Games 2023, 14, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/g14010017
Arai S, Watabe M, Kanari K, Shou Q, Krueger F, Takagishi H. Salivary Oxytocin Has Nonlinear Relationships with Trust and Reciprocity. Games. 2023; 14(1):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/g14010017
Chicago/Turabian StyleArai, Sakura, Motoki Watabe, Kei Kanari, Qiulu Shou, Frank Krueger, and Haruto Takagishi. 2023. "Salivary Oxytocin Has Nonlinear Relationships with Trust and Reciprocity" Games 14, no. 1: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/g14010017