Defining the Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancers: A Site-Specific Propensity-Matched Analysis
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data
2.2. Patient Selection
2.3. Propensity Matching and Survival Analysis
3. Results
4. Subset Analyses
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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All Biliary Tumors | Matched Group 1 (n = 8394) | Matched Group 2 (n = 7252) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Surgery Only (n = 4197) | XRT (n = 4197) | Chemo (n = 3626) | XRT (n = 3626) | |||||
n | Col % | n | Col % | n | Col % | n | Col % | |
SEX | ||||||||
Male | 1824 | 43.5% | 1866 | 44.5% | 1562 | 43.1% | 1578 | 43.5% |
Female | 2373 | 56.5% | 2331 | 55.5% | 2064 | 56.9% | 2048 | 56.5% |
Age | ||||||||
≤65 | 1813 | 43.2% | 1811 | 43.1% | 1743 | 48.1% | 1725 | 47.6% |
>65 | 2384 | 56.8% | 2386 | 56.9% | 1883 | 51.9% | 1901 | 52.4% |
Race | ||||||||
White | 3067 | 73.1% | 3009 | 71.7% | 2616 | 72.1% | 2562 | 70.7% |
Black | 421 | 10.0% | 480 | 11.4% | 389 | 10.7% | 432 | 11.9% |
Hispanic | 382 | 9.1% | 392 | 9.8% | 324 | 8.9% | 364 | 10.0% |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 275 | 6.6% | 240 | 5.7% | 224 | 6.2% | 214 | 5.9% |
Others | 52 | 1.2% | 55 | 1.3% | 52 | 1.4% | 48 | 1.3% |
Margin | ||||||||
R0 | 2782 | 66.3% | 2788 | 66.4% | 2434 | 67.1% | 2430 | 67.0% |
R1 | 684 | 16.3% | 691 | 16.5% | 548 | 15.1% | 563 | 15.5% |
RX | 731 | 17.4% | 718 | 17.1% | 644 | 17.8% | 633 | 17.5% |
Pathologic T Stage | ||||||||
T1 | 281 | 6.7% | 321 | 7.6% | 212 | 5.8% | 233 | 6.4% |
T2 | 1594 | 38.0% | 1548 | 36.9% | 1225 | 33.8% | 1243 | 34.3% |
T3 | 1436 | 34.2% | 1405 | 33.5% | 1379 | 38.0% | 1353 | 37.3% |
T4 | 82 | 2.0% | 88 | 2.1% | 79 | 2.2% | 65 | 1.8% |
Unknown | 804 | 19.2% | 835 | 19.9% | 731 | 20.2% | 739 | 20.4% |
Pathologic N Stage | ||||||||
N0 | 1853 | 44.2% | 1852 | 44.1% | 1406 | 38.8% | 1441 | 39.7% |
N1 | 1509 | 35.9% | 1512 | 36.0% | 1511 | 41.7% | 1496 | 40.4% |
NX | 833 | 19.8% | 833 | 19.8% | 709 | 19.6% | 699 | 19.3% |
Lymph nodes positive | ||||||||
Negative | 1562 | 37.2% | 1552 | 37.0% | 1195 | 33.0% | 1233 | 34.0% |
Positive | 1506 | 35.9% | 1515 | 35.8% | 1494 | 41.2% | 1479 | 40.7% |
No LN examined | 1107 | 26.4% | 1114 | 26.6% | 911 | 25.1% | 897 | 24.7% |
Unknown | 22 | 0.5% | 22 | 0.5% | 26 | 0.7% | 17 | 0.5% |
Surgical approach | ||||||||
Open | 1491 | 35.5% | 1472 | 35.1% | 1320 | 36.4% | 1275 | 35.2% |
Minimally Invasive | 940 | 22.4% | 945 | 22.5% | 874 | 24.1% | 891 | 24.6% |
No data before 2010 | 1265 | 30.2% | 1269 | 30.2% | 719 | 19.7% | 735 | 20.3% |
Unknown after 2010 | 501 | 11.9% | 511 | 12.2% | 713 | 19.8% | 725 | 20.4% |
N | 5-yr Survival (%) | Median Survival (mo.) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Matched Intrahepatic (IHC) | ||||
Group 1 | 0.319 | |||
Surgery Only | 723 | 41.2 | 44.8 | |
XRT | 723 | 38.8 | 38.9 | |
Group 2 | 0.445 | |||
Chemo | 691 | 38.5 | 43.3 | |
XRT | 691 | 37.7 | 38.7 | |
Matched Perihilar (PHC) | ||||
Group 1 | 0.003 | |||
Surgery Only | 693 | 24.7 | 26.3 | |
XRT | 693 | 31.0 | 31.2 | |
Group 2 | 0.557 | |||
Chemo | 445 | 27.0 | 26.5 | |
XRT | 445 | 29.7 | 30.3 | |
Matched Distal (DCC) | ||||
Group 1 | 0.015 | |||
Surgery Only | 726 | 30.7 | 27.0 | |
XRT | 726 | 33.4 | 33.7 | |
Group 2 | 0.298 | |||
Chemo | 722 | 35.2 | 33.4 | |
XRT | 722 | 31.8 | 32.9 | |
Matched Gallbladder (GBC) | ||||
Group 1 | 0.05 | |||
Surgery Only | 2055 | 33.8 | 26.6 | |
XRT | 2055 | 32.5 | 30.2 | |
Group 2 | 0.001 | |||
Chemo | 1768 | 31.5 | 24.6 | |
XRT | 1768 | 32.6 | 30.2 |
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Seo, Y.D.; Acidi, B.; Newton, A.; Haddad, A.; Chiang, Y.-J.; Coelho, R.; Newhook, T.E.; Tzeng, C.-W.D.; Chun, Y.S.; Ludmir, E.B.; et al. Defining the Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancers: A Site-Specific Propensity-Matched Analysis. Cancers 2025, 17, 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030494
Seo YD, Acidi B, Newton A, Haddad A, Chiang Y-J, Coelho R, Newhook TE, Tzeng C-WD, Chun YS, Ludmir EB, et al. Defining the Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancers: A Site-Specific Propensity-Matched Analysis. Cancers. 2025; 17(3):494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030494
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeo, Yongwoo David, Belkacem Acidi, Andrew Newton, Antony Haddad, Yi-Ju Chiang, Rainna Coelho, Timothy E. Newhook, Ching-Wei D. Tzeng, Yun Shin Chun, Ethan B. Ludmir, and et al. 2025. "Defining the Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancers: A Site-Specific Propensity-Matched Analysis" Cancers 17, no. 3: 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030494
APA StyleSeo, Y. D., Acidi, B., Newton, A., Haddad, A., Chiang, Y.-J., Coelho, R., Newhook, T. E., Tzeng, C.-W. D., Chun, Y. S., Ludmir, E. B., Koay, E. J., Javle, M., Vauthey, J. N., & Cao, H. S. T. (2025). Defining the Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancers: A Site-Specific Propensity-Matched Analysis. Cancers, 17(3), 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030494