Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration of HPV-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Acquisition
2.2. Data Processing
2.3. Immunogene-Based CESC Molecular Subtypes
2.4. Differentially Expressed Genes
2.5. Functional Enrichment
2.6. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis
2.7. Survival Analysis
2.8. Immunohistochemistry
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Molecular Subtypes Based on Immune Genes and Clinical Characteristics of the Different Subtypes
3.2. Estimate Scores Demonstrated a Significant Association with Clinical Outcome in Immune-Related Subtypes
3.3. Survival Analysis of the CESC Patients in Terms of the Tumor Microenvironment for the TCGA Cohort
3.4. GO Enrichment Analysis and the Biological Pathways Identified by GSEA for Immune-Related Genes
3.5. Correlation Analysis Performed on the Expression of the Key Genes and Immune Infiltration
3.6. Survival Analysis of the Expressions of the Key Genes in the Tumor Microenvironment from the TCGA Cohort
3.7. Correlation between Gene Copy Number Variation and Immune Infiltration Abundance in CESC
3.8. Correlations between the Key Genes and Prognosis in the East Hospital Cohort
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | No. (%) | FOXO3 Expression | χ2 | Log-Rank-p No. (%) | No. (%) | IGF1 Expression | χ2 | Log-Rank-p No. (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (%) | High (%) | Low (%) | High (%) | |||||||
Age | 11.989 | <0.001 | 13.123 | <0.001 | ||||||
<50 | 43 (75.44) | 22 (75.86) | 21 (75.00) | 43 (75.44) | 20 (76.92) | 23 (74.19) | ||||
≥50 | 14 (24.56) | 7 (24.14) | 7 (25.00) | 14 (24.56) | 6 (23.08) | 8 (25.81) | ||||
T category | 14.746 | <0.001 | 12.926 | 0.002 | ||||||
1 | 31 (54.39) | 17 (58.62) | 14 (50.00) | 31 (54.39) | 12 (46.15) | 19 (61.29) | ||||
2 | 14 (24.56) | 6 (20.69) | 8 (28.57) | 14 (24.56) | 5 (19.23) | 9 (29.03) | ||||
3/4 | 12 (21.05) | 6 (20.69) | 6 (21.43) | 12 (21.05) | 9 (34.62) | 3 (9.68) | ||||
N stage | 15.670 | <0.001 | 11.657 | <0.001 | ||||||
0 | 46 (80.70) | 23 (79.31) | 23 (82.14) | 46 (80.70) | 17 (65.38) | 29 (93.55) | ||||
1 | 11 (19.30) | 6 (20.69) | 5 (17.86) | 11 (19.30) | 9 (34.62) | 2 (6.45) | ||||
Pathology grade | 0.930 | 0.335 | 0.894 | 0.344 | ||||||
I–II | 16 (23.53) | 8 (27.59) | 6 (21.43) | 14 (24.56) | 5 (19.23) | 9 (26.03) | ||||
III | 52 (76.47) | 21 (72.41) | 22 (78.57) | 43 (75.44) | 21 (80.77) | 22 (70.97) | ||||
HPV infection | 0.393 | 0.531 | 0.673 | 0.412 | ||||||
Negative | 10 (17.54) | 6 (20.69) | 4 (14.29) | 10 (17.54) | 6 (23.08) | 4 (12.90) | ||||
Positive | 47 (82.46) | 23 (79.31) | 24 (85.71) | 47 (82.46) | 20 (76.92) | 27 (87.10) | ||||
Recidivation | 52.145 | <0.001 | 60.813 | <0.001 | ||||||
Negative | 44 (77.19) | 25 (86.21) | 19 (67.86) | 44 (77.19) | 20 (76.92) | 24 (77.42) | ||||
Positive | 13 (22.81) | 4 (13.79) | 9 (32.14) | 13 (22.81) | 6 (23.08) | 7 (22.58) | ||||
IGF1 expression | 1.138 | 0.286 | 1.700 | 0.192 | ||||||
Low | 26 (45.61) | 17 (58.62) | 9 (32.14) | 29 (50.88) | 17 (65.38) | 12 (38.71) | ||||
High | 31 (54.39) | 12 (41.38) | 19 (67.86) | 28 (49.12) | 9 (34.62) | 19 (61.29) |
Factor | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
Age | 6.101 (2.724, 13.67) | <0.001 | 7.959 (1.742, 36.364) | 0.007 |
T category | 12.73 (6.073, 26.67) | <0.001 | 16.414 (0.844, 319.14) | 0.065 |
N stage | 4.658 (1.659, 13.08) | <0.001 | 6.892 (1.512, 31.408) | 0.013 |
Pathology grade | 1.149 (0.5268, 2.504) | 0.7346 | 0.296 (0.057, 1.523) | 0.145 |
HPV infection | 1.016 (0.3537, 2.921) | 0.9759 | 5.447 (0.430, 68.967) | 0.191 |
IGF1 | 0.454 (0.208, 0.989) | 0.0438 | 0.090 (0.008, 1.081) | 0.058 |
FOXO3 | 2.473 (1.046, 5.845) | 0.0423 | 11.611 (1.033, 130.506) | 0.047 |
BAK | 0.872 (0.439, 1.731) | 0.6924 | 0.817 (0.081, 8.286) | 0.864 |
VDAC1 | 1.377 (0.680, 2.787) | 0.3943 | 0.439 (0.069, 2.784) | 0.382 |
AKT3 | 1.435 (0.701, 2.936) | 0.3282 | 12.481 (0.214, 729.339) | 0.357 |
PERP | 0.855 (0.393, 1.862) | 0.6892 | 0.515 (0.143, 2.650) | 0.515 |
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Gan, Q.; Mao, L.; Shi, R.; Chang, L.; Wang, G.; Cheng, J.; Chen, R. Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration of HPV-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. Cancers 2023, 15, 1419. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051419
Gan Q, Mao L, Shi R, Chang L, Wang G, Cheng J, Chen R. Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration of HPV-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. Cancers. 2023; 15(5):1419. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051419
Chicago/Turabian StyleGan, Qiyu, Luning Mao, Rui Shi, Linlin Chang, Guozeng Wang, Jingxin Cheng, and Rui Chen. 2023. "Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration of HPV-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma" Cancers 15, no. 5: 1419. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051419