Cancer-Associated B Cells in Sarcoma
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. A Historical Perspective
“It is by no means inconceivable that small accumulations of tumour cells may develop and, because of their possession of new antigenic potentialities, provoke an effective immunological reaction with regression of the tumour and no clinical hint of its existence. It has also been suggested that the result of surgery for cancer may to a large extent be determined by the degree of resistance, presumably immunological in nature, against the tumour cells.”- Sir Macfarlane Burnet, 1957 [1]
2. B Cells in the Sarcoma Microenvironment
2.1. Intra-Tumoral B Cells in Sarcoma
2.2. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures
3. Sarcoma Immunotherapy and B Cells
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Immunotherapy
4. Sarcoma Antigens and Anti-Tumor Antibodies
4.1. Cancer-Testis Antigens and Translocation-Positive Sarcoma
4.2. Intratumoral Sarcoma Immunoglobulin
5. Pro-Tumor Relationships of B Cells in Sarcoma
6. Next Steps
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Histology | B Cell Marker | Detection Method | Number of Positive Samples | Prognostic Association |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sorbye [14] | Mixed non-GIST STS | CD20 | IHC | 22/105 | Positive correlation with disease-specific survival |
Tsagozis et al. [11] | Mixed STS | CD20 | IHC | 13/30 | Positive correlation with metastasis-free survival and overall survival |
Tsagozis et al. [11] | Mixed STS (SARC TCGA dataset) | MS4A1 RNA expression | Transcriptional data from SARC TCGA | Not reported | Overall survival |
Zou et al. [12] | Chordoma | CD20 | IHC | 19/54 | None |
Smolle et al. [15] | Mixed STS | CD20 | IHC | n = 188, number positive not reported | Negatively associated with local recurrence |
Chen et al. [16] | Rhabdomyosarcoma and UPS | CD20 and CD3 to identify TLS | IHC | UPS: 2/34 RMS: 19/47 | Not assessed |
Petitprez et al. [17] | Mixed STS (SARC TCGA, GEO accessions GSE21050, GSE21122 and GSE30929 datasets) | BANK1, CD19, CD22, CD79A, CR2, FCRL2, IGKC, MS4A1 and PAX5 | Transcriptional data from TCGA and GEO | Not reported | Positively correlated with overall survival and response to pembrolizumab |
Italiano et al. [32] | Mixed STS | CD20 and CD3 to identify TLS | IHC | 30/249 in prospective group 1/41 in all-comers retrospective group | Positively correlated with six-month, non-progression rate and progression-free survival |
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Kendal, J.K.; Shehata, M.S.; Lofftus, S.Y.; Crompton, J.G. Cancer-Associated B Cells in Sarcoma. Cancers 2023, 15, 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030622
Kendal JK, Shehata MS, Lofftus SY, Crompton JG. Cancer-Associated B Cells in Sarcoma. Cancers. 2023; 15(3):622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030622
Chicago/Turabian StyleKendal, Joseph K., Michael S. Shehata, Serena Y. Lofftus, and Joseph G. Crompton. 2023. "Cancer-Associated B Cells in Sarcoma" Cancers 15, no. 3: 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030622