Bisphenols A and S Alter the Bioenergetics and Behaviours of Normal Urothelial and Bladder Cancer Cells
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Lines
2.2. Seahorse Energy Metabolism Measurements
2.3. Proliferation
2.4. Migration
2.5. Flow Cytometry
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. T24 Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells Exhibit an Increased Glycolytic Capacity Compared with RT4 Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells
3.2. Chronic Exposure to Physiological Concentrations of BPA or BPS Does Not Modulate the Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Respiration of Normal Urothelial Cells
3.3. RT4 Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells Chronically Exposed to Physiological Concentrations of BPs Exhibit Increased Bioenergetics
3.4. T24 Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells Chronically Exposed to Physiological Concentrations of BPA or BPS Exhibit an Increased Glycolytic Metabolism
3.5. Chronic Exposure to Physiological Concentrations of BPA or BPS Increases the Proliferation Rate of RT4 Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells and Induces an Initial Boost of Proliferation for UCs and T24 Cells
3.6. Chronic Exposure to Physiological Concentrations of BPA or BPS Decreases the Migration of Normal Urothelial Cells While Increasing the Migration Speed of Bladder Cancer Cells
3.7. RT4 Non-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells Chronically Exposed to Physiological Concentrations of BPA Exhibit an Increased Expression of α-SMA Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cell Types | Parameters | BPA | BPS | |
---|---|---|---|---|
UCs | Glycolysis | Basal | ↓ | ↓ |
Maximal | ↓ | ↓ | ||
Mitochondrial respiration | Basal | Ø | ↓ | |
Maximal | Ø | Ø | ||
Proliferation | ↑ | ↑ | ||
Migration | ↓↓ | ↓ | ||
RT4 cells | Glycolysis | Basal | Ø | ↑↑ |
Maximal | Ø | ↑ | ||
Mitochondrial respiration | Basal | ↑↑ | ↑ | |
Maximal | ↑↑ | ↑ | ||
Proliferation | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | ||
Migration | ↑ | Ø | ||
T24 cells | Glycolysis | Basal | ↑↑ | ↑↑ |
Maximal | ↑ | ↑↑ | ||
Mitochondrial respiration | Basal | Ø | Ø | |
Maximal | Ø | Ø | ||
Proliferation | Ø | Ø | ||
Migration | ↑↑ | ↑↑ |
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Pellerin, È.; Pellerin, F.-A.; Chabaud, S.; Pouliot, F.; Bolduc, S.; Pelletier, M. Bisphenols A and S Alter the Bioenergetics and Behaviours of Normal Urothelial and Bladder Cancer Cells. Cancers 2022, 14, 4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14164011
Pellerin È, Pellerin F-A, Chabaud S, Pouliot F, Bolduc S, Pelletier M. Bisphenols A and S Alter the Bioenergetics and Behaviours of Normal Urothelial and Bladder Cancer Cells. Cancers. 2022; 14(16):4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14164011
Chicago/Turabian StylePellerin, Ève, Félix-Antoine Pellerin, Stéphane Chabaud, Frédéric Pouliot, Stéphane Bolduc, and Martin Pelletier. 2022. "Bisphenols A and S Alter the Bioenergetics and Behaviours of Normal Urothelial and Bladder Cancer Cells" Cancers 14, no. 16: 4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14164011