Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Factors
3. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention
4. Induction Models of Chronic Liver Injury and HCC
5. Genetically Engineered Animal Models of HCC Prevention
6. MircoRNAs and HCC Prevention Models
7. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Animal Model | Induction | Chronic Liver Injury | Pathogenesis | Preventive Intervention | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rodent | Strain | |||||
RAT | (Wistar) | DEN | Repeated weekly IP | Fibrosis (8 wks) progress to cirrhosis (12 wks) and HCC (18 wks) | Metformin, AM063, AM095, erlotinib, gefitinib | [48,50,57,101] |
(F344) | DEN | CMD diet | Steatosis progresses to steatohepatitis and fibrosis with GST-P +ve pre-neoplastic after 17 wks | NRF2 KO | [51] | |
(Wistar) | BDL | Fibrosis after 3 wks | Erlotinib | [57] | ||
MOUSE | (C57BL/6J) | DEN | Lipid biosynthesis (SREBP pathway) regulates HCC initiation and development | Gp78 KO/SCAP KO/Betulin | [47] | |
(A/J) | CCL4 | Repeated thrice weekly PO | Fibrosis after 18 wks | Erlotinib | [57] | |
(C57BL/6J) | STZ+HFD | Neonatal low-dose STZ SQ & HFD at 4 wks | NASH by 8 wks progress to HCC by 16-20 wks | Canagliflozin | [60,61] | |
AlbCrePtenflox/flox | NASH- hepatomegaly, steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis and progress to HCC | C 188-9 | [64,65] | |||
AlbCrePtenflox/flox | HFD for 40 wks | NASH-related cirrhosis and HCC with hypercholesterolemia | Ezetimibe | [66] | ||
PtenloxP/loxP; Alb-Cre+ | HCC by 8–9 months | Resatorvid, anti-miR-21, miR-148a, | [69,90,91,102] | |||
PDGF-C transgenic | Fibrosis and steatosis by 9 months progress to HCC by 12 months | Peretinoin, BCAA, LNA-antimiR-214 | [75,77,79,82] | |||
miR-221 transgenic | Short CCL4 inhalation cycles for 14 weeks. Phenobarbital in drinking water. | Progression from fibrosis to cirrhosis and HCC | Anti-miR-221 oligonucleotides, miR-199a-3p mimics | [94] | ||
miR-221 transgenic | CCL4 PO repeated thrice weekly for 14 weeks | Early fibrosis progress to cirrhosis and HCC | Metformin | [95] | ||
Tet-o-MYC; LAP-tTA | MYC overexpression leads to liver tumors by 15 wks. No fibrosis/cirrhosis | miR-122 | [86,88] | |||
C57BL/KsJ-+Lepr db /+Lepr db | DEN in drinking water for 2 wks | DEN initiates tumorigenesis that is promoted by obesity and diabetes. Chronic inflammation and steatosis progress to HCC | Tofogliflozin | [103] |
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Shankaraiah, R.C.; Gramantieri, L.; Fornari, F.; Sabbioni, S.; Callegari, E.; Negrini, M. Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention. Cancers 2019, 11, 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111792
Shankaraiah RC, Gramantieri L, Fornari F, Sabbioni S, Callegari E, Negrini M. Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention. Cancers. 2019; 11(11):1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111792
Chicago/Turabian StyleShankaraiah, Ram C., Laura Gramantieri, Francesca Fornari, Silvia Sabbioni, Elisa Callegari, and Massimo Negrini. 2019. "Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention" Cancers 11, no. 11: 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111792
APA StyleShankaraiah, R. C., Gramantieri, L., Fornari, F., Sabbioni, S., Callegari, E., & Negrini, M. (2019). Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention. Cancers, 11(11), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111792