Destruxin B Suppresses Drug-Resistant Colon Tumorigenesis and Stemness Is Associated with the Upregulation of miR-214 and Downregulation of mTOR/β-Catenin Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Stemness Assays
2.3. In Vitro Cell Viability and Drug Test
2.4. Western Blot Analysis
2.5. Colony-Forming and Tumor Sphere-Forming Assays
2.6. Animal Study
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Exogenous IGF1 Enriched Cancer Stem-Like Colon Cancer Cells and Induced 5-FU Resistance
3.2. IGF1 and β-Catenin Expression Is Associated with Drug Resistance and Poor Prognosis in Colon Cancer Patients
3.3. DB Treatment Suppressed Drug-Resistant Colon Tumorigenesis and Stemness
3.4. DB and 5-FU Synergistically Suppresses Viability of Colon Cancer Cells
3.5. In Vivo Demonstration of DB Treatment Enhanced 5-FU Efficacy
3.6. An Increased MicroRNA-214 Level Was Associated with DB Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
DB | Destruxin B |
CSCs | Cancer stem-like cells |
5-FU | Fluorouracil |
SP | Side population |
IGF1 | Insulin-likegrowth factor 1 |
mTOR | The mammalian target of rapamycin |
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Wu, S.-Y.; Huang, Y.-J.; Tzeng, Y.-M.; Huang, C.-Y.F.; Hsiao, M.; Wu, A.T.H.; Huang, T.-H. Destruxin B Suppresses Drug-Resistant Colon Tumorigenesis and Stemness Is Associated with the Upregulation of miR-214 and Downregulation of mTOR/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancers 2018, 10, 353. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100353
Wu S-Y, Huang Y-J, Tzeng Y-M, Huang C-YF, Hsiao M, Wu ATH, Huang T-H. Destruxin B Suppresses Drug-Resistant Colon Tumorigenesis and Stemness Is Associated with the Upregulation of miR-214 and Downregulation of mTOR/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancers. 2018; 10(10):353. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100353
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Szu-Yuan, Yan-Jiun Huang, Yew-Min Tzeng, Chi-Ying F. Huang, Michael Hsiao, Alexander T.H. Wu, and Tse-Hung Huang. 2018. "Destruxin B Suppresses Drug-Resistant Colon Tumorigenesis and Stemness Is Associated with the Upregulation of miR-214 and Downregulation of mTOR/β-Catenin Pathway" Cancers 10, no. 10: 353. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100353