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Micromachines
Volume 17
Issue 2
10.3390/mi17020168
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Communication

Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Patch Antennas Using Shorting Pin

by
Junxian Li
1,
Jiayi Zhang
2,
Mengyan Fan
1,
Jin Shi
1,2,3,
Wen-Wen Yang
2,
Lingyan Zhang
1,2,3,
Junxiao Li
2,
Chuan Shao
4 and
Kai Xu
1,2,3,*
1
School of Microelectronics and School of Integrated Circuits, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
2
School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
3
Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
4
Information Engineering School, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong 226006, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2026, 17(2), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020168
Submission received: 7 January 2026 / Revised: 18 January 2026 / Accepted: 22 January 2026 / Published: 27 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Characterization of Microwave/Millimeter Wave Devices and Semiconductor Devices)
Versions Notes

Abstract

A simple self-decoupling approach using only a shorting pin is proposed to effectively reduce mutual coupling in multiple-input multiple-output patch antennas. By loading a shorting pin along the polarization direction on one side of the patch antenna, the equivalent inductance of the corresponding source is altered, thereby changing the initial phase of the slot source. This modification, in conjunction with the path effect, creates a mutual coupling null by counteracting the electric fields at the adjacent patch’s feeding position, achieving a reduced mutual coupling level. The simplicity of this decoupling method enables flexibility in practical applications, facilitating adaptation to diverse packaging environments and substrates. Furthermore, the proposed method effectively suppresses mutual coupling between adjacent and non-adjacent elements in multi-element linear arrays, as well as between elements arranged along E-planes and H-planes in planar arrays. To validate the effectiveness of this self-decoupling technique, a two-element decoupled antenna was fabricated and measured. Experimental results demonstrate a decrease in mutual coupling from −22 dB to below −40 dB across the effective frequency range of 4.809 GHz to 4.984 GHz.
Keywords: antenna array; multiple-input multiple-output; mutual coupling reduction; patch antenna; self-decoupling; shorting pin antenna array; multiple-input multiple-output; mutual coupling reduction; patch antenna; self-decoupling; shorting pin

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Li, J.; Zhang, J.; Fan, M.; Shi, J.; Yang, W.-W.; Zhang, L.; Li, J.; Shao, C.; Xu, K. Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Patch Antennas Using Shorting Pin. Micromachines 2026, 17, 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020168

AMA Style

Li J, Zhang J, Fan M, Shi J, Yang W-W, Zhang L, Li J, Shao C, Xu K. Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Patch Antennas Using Shorting Pin. Micromachines. 2026; 17(2):168. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020168

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Junxian, Jiayi Zhang, Mengyan Fan, Jin Shi, Wen-Wen Yang, Lingyan Zhang, Junxiao Li, Chuan Shao, and Kai Xu. 2026. "Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Patch Antennas Using Shorting Pin" Micromachines 17, no. 2: 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020168

APA Style

Li, J., Zhang, J., Fan, M., Shi, J., Yang, W.-W., Zhang, L., Li, J., Shao, C., & Xu, K. (2026). Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Patch Antennas Using Shorting Pin. Micromachines, 17(2), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020168

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