Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. CyaA and ET Differ in the Temporal Characteristics of cAMP Intoxication of Human Monocytes
2.2. Toxin-Provoked cAMP Signaling Inhibits Phagocytosis of Opsonized Targets
2.3. Toxin-Provoked cAMP Signaling Interferes with Signaling Downstream of Opsonin Receptor
2.4. CyaA-Provoked cAMP Signaling Inhibits Opsonin-Triggered Phosphorylation of Syk, Pyk2, and Vav
2.5. A Pharmacological Inhibitor of AC Enzyme Activity Reverses CyaA-Mediated Inhibition of Tyrosine Phosphorylation
2.6. CyaA- and ET-Provoked cAMP Signaling Differentially Affects Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling in Phagocytes
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Reagents and Antibodies
5.2. Toxins
5.3. Cell Culture
5.4. cAMP Assay
5.5. Signal Transduction Experiments
5.6. Immunoblotting
5.7. Flow Cytometry
5.8. Immunofluorescence and Confocal Microscopy
5.9. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Hasan, S.; Rahman, W.U.; Sebo, P.; Osicka, R. Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling. Toxins 2019, 11, 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11060362
Hasan S, Rahman WU, Sebo P, Osicka R. Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling. Toxins. 2019; 11(6):362. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11060362
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan, Shakir, Waheed Ur Rahman, Peter Sebo, and Radim Osicka. 2019. "Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling" Toxins 11, no. 6: 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11060362
APA StyleHasan, S., Rahman, W. U., Sebo, P., & Osicka, R. (2019). Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling. Toxins, 11(6), 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11060362