Molecular Bases Underlying the Hepatoprotective Effects of Coffee
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Coffee and Liver Steatosis
3. Coffee and Liver Fibrosis/Cirrhosis
4. Coffee and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
5. Nutraceutical/Pharmaceutical Perspective
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author, Year (Reference) | Coffee Compound and Schedule | Experimental Model | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|
Ma Y, 2015 [9] | CGA, 100 mg/kg i.p. twice/wk | C57BL/six mice fed a HFD for 15 weeks and treated with CGA for all 15 weeks or last six weeks | ↓ steatosis and insulin resistance in both preventive and therapeutic arms ↓ Pparγ, Cd36, Fabp4, and Mgat1 ↓ liver and visceral adipose tissue inflammation ↓ F4/80, Cd68, Cd11b, Cd11c, Tnfα, Mcp-1 and Ccr2 |
Sihna RA, 2014 [10] | Caffeine | C57BL/six mice fed a HFD for four weeks Hepg2 treated with oleic/palmitic acid and caffeine | ↑ autophagic flux in the liver ↑ autophagy in hepatic cells ↓ hepatic steatosis |
Salomone F, 2014 [11] | Espresso decaffeinated coffee | Wistar rats fed a HFD for 12 weeks and treated with 1.5 mL of decaffeinated espresso coffee (equivalent to six cups) for the last eight weeks | ↑ GSH, PPAR-α ↓ 8-OGH ↓ α-SMA, TGF-β ↑ GSH, PPAR-α |
Ong Kw, 2013 [12] | Chlorogenic acid | Db/db mice, Hepg2 | ↓ fasting glucose ↓ serum TC, TG ↓ serum FFA ↑ serum adiponectin ↓ liver TC, TG ↓ lipid accumulation in hepatic cells |
Panchal SK, 2012 [13] | Colombian coffee extract | Wistar rats fed a Western diet for 16 weeks and treated with CE 50 mL/kg of chow (50 mL = 50 g of coffee/100 mL of hot water) for the last eight weeks | ↓ steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis ↑ glucose tolerance ↓ cardiac fibrosis, hypertension |
Murase T, 2011 [14] | Coffee polyphenols | C57BL/6J mice fed a HFD + CPP (0.5%, 1% of chow) for two, 15 weeks Hepa 1–6 cells treated with CPP for 24 h | ↓ body and liver weight in mice fed 1% CGA group ↓ liver triglycerides and cholesterol in mice fed 1% CGA group ↓ SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC-1, ACC-2, SCD-1 in mice fed 1% CGA and Hepa1-6 cells |
Vitaglione P, 2010 [15] | Espresso decaffeinated coffee, coffee polyphenols or coffee melanoidins | Wistar rats fed a HFD for 12 weeks and treated with 1.5 mL of decaffeinated espresso coffee (equivalent to six cups) for the last eight weeks | ↓ steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis ↑ liver adiponectin receptor ↓ inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress |
Rodriguez de Sotillo DV, 2002 [16] | CGA | Zucker rats fed a standard diet, daily treated with 5 mg/kg bw of CGA for three weeks via intravenous infusion | ↑ glucose tolerance ↓ plasma cholesterol and triglycerides ↓ liver triglycerides |
Author, Year | Coffee Component | Study Design | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|
Hsu SJ, 2015 [28] | Caffeine 50 mg/kg daily | Sprague-Dawley rats with BDL for four weeks or treated with thioacetamide for eight weeks were administered caffeine at d1 or 15 of study period | ↓ cardiac index, portal pressure and portosystemic shunting ↓ endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phospho-VEGFR2 |
Wang Q, 2015 [29] | Caffeine 5, 10, 20 mg/kg daily | Sprague-Dawley rats treated with alcohol + 20 mg/kg caffeine Rat primary HSC treated with | ↓ AST, ALT ↓ hyaluronic acid, laminin, N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen and type IV collagen ↓ cAMP-PKA-CREB |
Wang H, 2014 [30] | Caffeine 0.5–8 mM | Rat HSC-T6 treated with 200 µM acetaldehyde for 24–72 h | ↓ Cell viability ↓ procollagen I and III ↓ cAMP-PKA-SRC-ERK1/2 ↓ P38 MAPK |
Gordillo-Bastidas D, 2013 [31] | Caffeine 15 mg/kg daily | Wistar rats treated with thioacetamide for seven weeks or BDL for 4 weeks | ↓ CTGF, TGF-β, Col-1 ↓ IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α ↑ Nrf-2, SOD, CAT ↓ Snail-1 |
Shim SG, 2013 [32] | Caffeine 1, 5, 10 mmol | -HSC treated with caffeine -Sprague-Dawley rats treated with thioacetamide for eight weeks | ↑ HSC apoptosis ↓ HSC procollagen type 1c, α-SMA ↓ liver TGF-β, α-SMA |
Shi H, 2013 [33] | Chlorogenic acid 12.5, 25 and 50 lg/mL | Rat HSC activated by LPS 100 ng/mL treated with CA for 24 h | ↓ ROS ↓IκB-α phosphorylation ↓ MCP-1, IL-6 |
Shi H, 2013 [34] | Chlorogenic acid | Sprague-Dawley, CCl4 + CGA for eight weeks | ↓ AST, ALT ↓ collagen deposition ↓ α-SMA, collagen I ↓ TLR4 |
Furtado KS, 2012 [35] | -Conventional coffee -Decaffeinated coffee -Caffeine 0.1% | Wistar rats treated with thioacetamide for eight weeks | ↓ AST, ALT ↓ collagen volume fraction ↓ TGF-β ↓ GST-P positive preneoplastic lesions (only in conventional coffee group) |
Arauz J, 2013 [36] | -Conventional -Decaffeinated coffee | Wistar rats treated with thioacetamide for eight weeks | ↓ AST, ALT ↓ collagen volume fraction ↓ TGF-β, CTGF, α-SMA, MMP-2 |
Klemmer I, 2011 [27] | Caffeine metabolite (paraxanthine) 1 mM | Sprague-Dawley rats treated with BDL | ↓ Picrosirius red staining ↓ CTGF, SMAD2 ↓ malondialdehyde |
Shi H, 2009 [37] | Chlorogenic acid 30, 60 mg/kg | Sprague-Dawley rats treated with CCl4 for eight weeks and CA for eight weeks | ↓histological fibrosis ↓ collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA ↓ TGF-β, VEGF |
Gressner OA, 2009 [26] | Caffeine metabolite (paraxanthine) 1.25 mM–2.5 mM | HSC treated with TGF-β + caffeine | ↓ CTGF |
Gressner OA, 2008 [25] | Caffeine 5 mM | Rat hepatocytes treated with cafeine | ↓ CTGF, SMAD2 ↓ SMAD1/3-phosphorylation ↑ PPAR-γ |
Chan ES, 2006 [24] | Caffeine 50 mg/kg daily orally | C57BL/six mice treated with CCl4 for six weeks or thioacetamide for seven weeks | ↓ AST, ALT ↓ Picrosirius red staining |
Author, Year | Coffee Compound | Study Design | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|
Furtado KS, 2014 [39] | Regular Coffee Instant coffee Caffeine 0.1% | Wistar rats treated with DEN and CCl4 and administered coffee or caffeine for 24 weeks | ↓ collagen I ↓ size and area of pre-neoplastic lesions ↓ number of neoplastic lesions |
Ferk F, 2014 [40] | Coffee 25%, 50%, 100% coffee in drinking water | Rats administered coffee treated with aflatoxin B1 0.75 mg/kg b.w. ip and followed-up for 10 weeks | ↓ number of pre-neoplastic foci for all brews ↑ UGT1A |
Katayama M, 2014 [41] | Coffee | Long Evans Cinnamon rat administered coffee for 25 weeks | ↑ survival ↓ liver inflammatory cytokines ↓ number of pre-neoplastic foci |
Kalthoff S, 2010 [42] | Coffee | HepG2 and CaCo2 Transgenic mice expressing human UGT1A | ↑ UGT1A isoforms in the liver |
Higgins LC, 2008 [43] | Coffee 3% or 6% | Nrf2 (+/+) or Nrf2 (−/−) mice fed coffee for five days | ↑ NQO1 and GSTA1 in the liver and gut of Nrf2 (+/+) mice ↑ UGT1A6 and GCLC in the gut of Nrf2 (+/+) mice |
Cavin C, 2008 [44] | Coffee | Sprague-Dawley rats 0.75%; 1.5%; 3% or 6% coffee | ↑ GSH, HO-1 |
Miura Y, 2004 [45] | Coffee | Hepatoma-bearing rats given oral administration of instant coffee powder (ICP) solution for two weeks | ↓ tumor growth and metastases dissemination |
Miura Y, 1997 [38] | Coffee | In vitro effects on a rat hepatoma cell line of sera from rats given oral administration of instant coffee powder (ICP) solution | ↓ proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells |
Tanaka T, 1990 [34] | Coffee | Rats administered aminopyrine (0.01%) and sodium nitrite (0.1%) and contemporary drinking coffee solution for 630 days | ↓ incidence of liver tumors ↓ number of hyperplastic liver cell foci |
Mori H, 1986 [33] | Chlorogenic acid | Syrian golden hamsters given a single intravenous injection of MAM acetate (20 mg/kg body weight) and fed a diet containing 0.025% chlorogenic acid for 24 weeks | ↓ incidence of colon tumors ↓ number of hyperplastic liver cell foci |
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Salomone, F.; Galvano, F.; Li Volti, G. Molecular Bases Underlying the Hepatoprotective Effects of Coffee. Nutrients 2017, 9, 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9010085
Salomone F, Galvano F, Li Volti G. Molecular Bases Underlying the Hepatoprotective Effects of Coffee. Nutrients. 2017; 9(1):85. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9010085
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalomone, Federico, Fabio Galvano, and Giovanni Li Volti. 2017. "Molecular Bases Underlying the Hepatoprotective Effects of Coffee" Nutrients 9, no. 1: 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9010085