Mixed Nuts as Healthy Snacks: Effect on Tryptophan Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Measurement of Plasma and Stool Trp and Its Major Metabolites
2.3. Fecal 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Data Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Association between Trp Metabolites and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
3.2. Effects of MTNs Consumption on Trp Metabolism
3.3. Effects of MTNs and Pretzel Consumption on Fecal Microbiome
3.4. Association between Trp Metabolism and Gut Microbiome
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yang, J.; Lee, R.; Schulz, Z.; Hsu, A.; Pai, J.; Yang, S.; Henning, S.M.; Huang, J.; Jacobs, J.P.; Heber, D.; et al. Mixed Nuts as Healthy Snacks: Effect on Tryptophan Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023, 15, 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030569
Yang J, Lee R, Schulz Z, Hsu A, Pai J, Yang S, Henning SM, Huang J, Jacobs JP, Heber D, et al. Mixed Nuts as Healthy Snacks: Effect on Tryptophan Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Nutrients. 2023; 15(3):569. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030569
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jieping, Rupo Lee, Zachary Schulz, Albert Hsu, Jonathan Pai, Scarlet Yang, Susanne M. Henning, Jianjun Huang, Jonathan P. Jacobs, David Heber, and et al. 2023. "Mixed Nuts as Healthy Snacks: Effect on Tryptophan Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors" Nutrients 15, no. 3: 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030569