The Activities of the Slovenian Strategic Council for Nutrition 2023/24 to Improve the Health of the Slovenian Population and the Sustainability of Food: A Narrative Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Populational Burden of Two Key Groups of NCDs in Slovenia: CVD and Cancer
2.1. Cardiovascular Diseases
2.2. Cancer
2.3. NCD Prevention Projects in Slovenia
3. Prevalence of Unhealthy Lifestyles and Other Major Risk Factors in Slovenia (by Age Group)
3.1. Nutritional Status (i.e., Anthropometrical Status and Dietary Intake) of Slovenian Children and Adolescents
3.2. Nutritional (i.e., Anthropometrical Status and Dietary Intake) and Health Status of Slovenian Adults and Older Adults
4. Physical Activity as an Inseparable Part of Diet and a Healthy Lifestyle
- Any form of physical activity is better than physical inactivity, and it is never too late to start.
- On weekdays, individuals should aim for 5000 to 10,000 brisk (moderate-intensity) steps on varied terrain (e.g., nearby hills) daily.
- On weekends, individuals should aim for 7000 to 12,000 brisk (moderate-intensity) steps on varied terrain (e.g., nearby hills) daily.
- Strength training should be performed at least three times a week, lasting 30–45 min per session.
- Proper nutrition, hydration, safety, and good company during physical activity and in general should be ensured.
- Physical activity should be adapted to age, health condition, physical capabilities, and goals.
- Individuals should focus on activities they enjoy; if they do not like walking, they might enjoy swimming, dancing, playing tennis, etc.
5. Starting Points for Future Changes and Further Improvements
6. Slovenian Strategic Council for Nutrition and Its Working Groups
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year | SDR, All Causes | SDR, Major NCD 30–69 * | % of All Deaths | SDR, Circulatory Diseases | % of All Deaths | SDR, Neoplasms | % of All Deaths | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | Slovenia | 799 | 402 | 50.3 | 315 | 39.4 | 204 | 25.5 |
WHO European region | 946 | 529 | 55.9 | 458 | 48.4 | 176 | 18.6 | |
EU members | 737 | 381 | 51.7 | 311 | 42.2 | 189 | 25.6 | |
EU members before 2004 | 656 | 323 | 49.2 | 245 | 37.3 | 183 | 27.9 | |
EU members after 2004 | 1013 | 592 | 58.4 | 537 | 53.0 | 210 | 20.7 | |
2010 | Slovenia | 600 | 289 | 48.1 | 218 | 36.3 | 196 | 32.7 |
WHO European region | 786 | 422 | 53.7 | 363 | 46.2 | 158 | 20.1 | |
EU members | 595 | 297 | 49.9 | 218 | 36.6 | 168 | 28.2 | |
EU members before 2004 | 530 | 248 | 46.8 | 165 | 31.1 | 161 | 30.4 | |
EU members after 2004 | 836 | 478 | 57.2 | 416 | 49.8 | 193 | 23.1 | |
2018 | Slovenia | 531 | 244 | 45.9 | 180 | 33.9 | 184 | 34.6 |
WHO European region | 669 | 355 | 53.1 | 280 | 41.8 | 145 | 21.7 | |
EU members | 546 | 260 | 47.6 | 174 | 31.9 | 154 | 28.2 | |
EU members before 2004 | 495 | 220 | 44.4 | 135 | 27.3 | 147 | 29.7 | |
EU members after 2004 | 745 | 408 | 54.8 | 328 | 44.0 | 181 | 24.3 |
BMI [59] | HEPA [58] | Fruit and Vegetable Consumption [57] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Underweight | Normal Weight | Overweight | Obese | Zero min/wk | 1–149 min/wk | ≥150 min/wk | Zero Portions/Day | 1–4 Portions/Day | ≥5 Portions/Day | |
Austria | 2.6 | 46.3 | 34.4 | 16.7 | 25.1 | 24.6 | 21 | 31.8 | 61.1 | 7.2 |
Croatia | 1.7 | 34.5 | 41.2 | 22.6 | 58.6 | 22 | 8.8 | 27.5 | 65.5 | 7.0 |
Hungary | 2.7 | 38.9 | 34.5 | 23.9 | 43.4 | 27.9 | 11.8 | 33.1 | 56.8 | 10.1 |
Italy | 3.9 | 51.4 | 33.2 | 11.4 | 65 | 16.8 | 9.4 | 23.0 | 65.1 | 11.8 |
Slovenia | 1.6 | 41.8 | 37.3 | 19.4 | 39.1 | 23.0 | 15.5 | 27.0 | 65.5 | 7.5 |
EU-27 | 2.9 | 45.8 | 35.2 | 16.0 | 49.8 | 20.2 | 13.9 | 36 | 52.1 | 11.9 |
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Fras, Z.; Jakše, B.; Kreft, S.; Malek, Ž.; Kamin, T.; Tavčar, N.; Fidler Mis, N. The Activities of the Slovenian Strategic Council for Nutrition 2023/24 to Improve the Health of the Slovenian Population and the Sustainability of Food: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4390. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204390
Fras Z, Jakše B, Kreft S, Malek Ž, Kamin T, Tavčar N, Fidler Mis N. The Activities of the Slovenian Strategic Council for Nutrition 2023/24 to Improve the Health of the Slovenian Population and the Sustainability of Food: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2023; 15(20):4390. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204390
Chicago/Turabian StyleFras, Zlatko, Boštjan Jakše, Samo Kreft, Žiga Malek, Tanja Kamin, Nika Tavčar, and Nataša Fidler Mis. 2023. "The Activities of the Slovenian Strategic Council for Nutrition 2023/24 to Improve the Health of the Slovenian Population and the Sustainability of Food: A Narrative Review" Nutrients 15, no. 20: 4390. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204390