Wogonin, a Compound in Scutellaria baicalensis, Activates ATF4–FGF21 Signaling in Mouse Hepatocyte AML12 Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Plasmids and Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)
2.4. Screening Analysis to Increase Fgf21 Expression Using the WAKANYAKU Library
2.5. Luciferase Analysis
2.6. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)
2.7. Western Blotting
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Cell-Based Screening Using a Natural Medicine Library Identified That SBE Induced Fgf21 Expression
3.2. Wogonin, a Flavonoid in SBE, Induces Fgf21 Expression in AML12 Cells
3.3. ATF4 Increased Fgf21 Expression in Response to Wogonin
3.4. Wogonin Controls ATF4 at the Transcription Level
3.5. Knockdown of Atf4 Suppresses Wogonin-Induced Fgf21 Expression
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Forward Primer (5′ to 3′) | Reverse Primer (5′ to 3′) |
---|---|---|
Asns | TTACCTGTCTCTGCCGCCAGAT | CACTGAAGGCTTCTTTGGGTCG |
Atf3 | TTTGCTAACCTGACACCCTTTG | AGAGGACATCCGATGGCAGA |
Atf4 | CCTGAACAGCGAAGTGTTGG | TGGAGAACCCATGAGGTTTCAA |
Atf6 | GGACGAGGTGGTGTCAGAG | GACAGCTCTTCGCTTTGGAC |
Cebpb | TACGAGCCCGACTGCCTG | TCGGAGAGGAAGTCGTGGTG |
Chop | GGAGGTCCTGTCCTCAGATGAA | GCTCCTCTGTCAGCCAAGCTAG |
Chrebp | AATGGGATGGTGTCTACCGC | GGCGAAGGGAATTCAGGACA |
Fgf21 | GGCAAGATATACGGGCTGAT | TCCATTTCCTCCCTGAAGGT |
CrebH | AGATCAGGGAGGATGGAACA | TCAAAGTGAGGCGATCCATA |
Cyclophilin | TGGCTCACAGTTCTTCATAACCA | ATGACATCCTTCAGTGGCTTGTC |
Nrf2 | CAAGACTTGGGCCACTTAAAAGAC | AGTAAGGCTTTCCATCCTCATCAC |
Ppara | ACGCGAGTTCCTTAAGAACCTG | GTGTCATCTGGATGGTTGCTCT |
Rora | GATGACCTCAGCACCTATATGGA | CGGGTTTGATCCCATTGATGTC |
Tfe3 | AGGATCAAAGAGCTGGGCAC | CCGGCTCTCCAGGTCTTTG |
Tfeb | CAGAAGCGAGAGCTAACAGAT | TGTGATTGTCTTTCTTCTGCCG |
Xbp1s | CTGAGTCCGAATCAGGTGCAG | GTCCATGGGAAGATGTTCTGG |
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Yamada, Y.; Saito, H.; Araki, M.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Muroi, S.-i.; Suzuki, K.; Toume, K.; Kim, J.-D.; Matsuzaka, T.; Sone, H.; et al. Wogonin, a Compound in Scutellaria baicalensis, Activates ATF4–FGF21 Signaling in Mouse Hepatocyte AML12 Cells. Nutrients 2022, 14, 3920. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193920
Yamada Y, Saito H, Araki M, Tsuchimoto Y, Muroi S-i, Suzuki K, Toume K, Kim J-D, Matsuzaka T, Sone H, et al. Wogonin, a Compound in Scutellaria baicalensis, Activates ATF4–FGF21 Signaling in Mouse Hepatocyte AML12 Cells. Nutrients. 2022; 14(19):3920. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193920
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamada, Yasunari, Hodaka Saito, Masaya Araki, Yuhei Tsuchimoto, Shin-ichi Muroi, Kyohei Suzuki, Kazufumi Toume, Jun-Dal Kim, Takashi Matsuzaka, Hirohito Sone, and et al. 2022. "Wogonin, a Compound in Scutellaria baicalensis, Activates ATF4–FGF21 Signaling in Mouse Hepatocyte AML12 Cells" Nutrients 14, no. 19: 3920. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193920